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<p>Achieving consistent printing quality across the entire building area in multi-laser powder bed fusion remains challenging, particularly in terms of surface quality and mechanical properties. The scanning angle and sample spacing are critical process parameters that directly affect the quality of printed parts, warranting further investigation into their influence on uniformity and performance. In this study, upstream samples were printed using varying scanning angles (0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°) to assess their impact on the printing quality of downstream samples. The results revealed that when upstream samples were printed at 45° or 135°, the difference in average surface roughness between upstream and downstream regions reached 7.94&#xa0;μm and 9.39&#xa0;μm, respectively. This significant inconsistency can be attributed to enhanced spatter accumulation from upstream samples deposited into downstream areas at these specific angles. Furthermore, the influence of sample spacing (5&#xa0;mm, 15&#xa0;mm, 25&#xa0;mm, and 35&#xa0;mm) on surface quality, densification, and mechanical properties was systematically investigated. When the spacing was 25&#xa0;mm or greater, the performance of upstream and downstream samples showed high consistency: the difference in average surface roughness remained below 1&#xa0;μm, and the average density difference was limited to 0.4%. Moreover, the average tensile strength and elongation at break exceeded 650&#xa0;MPa and 45%, respectively. Overall, this study provides valuable insights and practical strategies for improving quality uniformity across the full building area in ML-PBF.</p>

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Effect of scanning angle and sample spacing on the consistency of surface quality and mechanical properties of 316L parts printed by multi-laser powder bed fusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月16日

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  • Renwu Jiang,
  • Yongqiang Yang,
  • Jiewu Leng,
  • Ziyu Chen,
  • Linqing Liu,
  • Tao Tang,
  • Xiaojun Peng,
  • Xingchen Yan,
  • Cheng Chang,
  • Zhipeng Ye,
  • Qian Li,
  • Beibei Zhang,
  • Di Wang

摘要

Achieving consistent printing quality across the entire building area in multi-laser powder bed fusion remains challenging, particularly in terms of surface quality and mechanical properties. The scanning angle and sample spacing are critical process parameters that directly affect the quality of printed parts, warranting further investigation into their influence on uniformity and performance. In this study, upstream samples were printed using varying scanning angles (0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°) to assess their impact on the printing quality of downstream samples. The results revealed that when upstream samples were printed at 45° or 135°, the difference in average surface roughness between upstream and downstream regions reached 7.94 μm and 9.39 μm, respectively. This significant inconsistency can be attributed to enhanced spatter accumulation from upstream samples deposited into downstream areas at these specific angles. Furthermore, the influence of sample spacing (5 mm, 15 mm, 25 mm, and 35 mm) on surface quality, densification, and mechanical properties was systematically investigated. When the spacing was 25 mm or greater, the performance of upstream and downstream samples showed high consistency: the difference in average surface roughness remained below 1 μm, and the average density difference was limited to 0.4%. Moreover, the average tensile strength and elongation at break exceeded 650 MPa and 45%, respectively. Overall, this study provides valuable insights and practical strategies for improving quality uniformity across the full building area in ML-PBF.