<p>Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a state-of-the-art additive manufacturing process widely employed for the fabrication of complex metallic components. Previous studies have primarily focused on the microstructural evolution of LPBF-processed materials, establishing correlations between laser melting and cooling rates, grain size, and the resulting mechanical properties. The present study investigates the influence of varying cooling rates via a layer-by-layer local secondary thermal processing strategy on the microstructure and mechanical performance of Ti6Al4V. The analysis emphasizes microstructural features, defects, and grain size, along with key mechanical properties including hardness and fracture toughness. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of a predefined local secondary localized laser exposure scan in each layer significantly alters the microstructure, producing spatial variations in grain size and hardness of up to 10% across different regions. Moreover, the strategy yielded improvements in elongation of approximately 40% and enhanced crack-arresting capability by more than 30%. These findings underscore the potential of implementing a local secondary laser processing strategy to tailor the spatial distribution of properties in LPBF-fabricated components, thereby advancing the design of additively manufactured materials with site-specific performance characteristics.</p>