<p>Under the extreme working conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and alternating loads, the bearing bush, as the core component of engine bearings, faces major technical challenges. The interfacial stability and bearing bush directly affect the reliability and service life of the power system. However, traditional homogeneous materials are prone to problems such as interlayer spalling and fatigue failure. The technology of bearing bush manufacturing is continuously being revolutionized towards composite processes and gradient materials. This paper systematically compiles the current research results on the preparation of bearing bush alloys by traditional alloy preparation processes as well as emerging surface coating technologies. The current research progress is described from four dimensions: matrix material system construction, interface strengthening mechanism innovation, multi-scale defect correlation analysis, and performance evaluation system. The focus is on the regulation mechanisms of different processes on the organizational structure and mechanical properties of materials. The advantages and bottlenecks faced by each process for the preparation of bearing bush alloys are summarized. Finally, based on the existing research, potential areas for future research are envisioned. It also provides reference and guidance for future research and design of high-performance bearing bush.</p>