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<p>This research investigates the magnetic field-assisted finishing (MFAF) process as a novel approach for enhancing the surface properties of bio-zirconium (bio-Zr) alloys, renowned for their exceptional mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The research utilizes magnetorheological (MR) fluid with a highly optimized magnetic field distribution, simulated using the Maxwell® finite element solver. This simulation allows for the precise alignment of carbonyl iron particles (CIP) within the finishing zone, following the magnetic field directions. Key process parameters such as rotary tool velocity, workpiece-tool gap, and finishing time (ranging from 2 to 8&#xa0;h) were varied to achieve the desired surface finish. These adjustments led to significant reduction in surface roughness, from 800 to 8&#xa0;nm after 8&#xa0;h of the finishing time. The effectiveness of the MFAF process is further validated through advanced characterization techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), optical profilometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and a goniometer. These methods confirmed significant improvements in both surface roughness and wettability characteristics; the contact angle (CA) rises from 70° (hydrophilic) for the unprocessed surface to 125° (hydrophobic) following nano-level surface finishing. This research conclusively demonstrates that the MFAF process significantly enhances the surface integrity of bio-Zr alloys, making them ultra-smooth, wear-resistant, and tribologically optimized, which is essential for dental and orthopedic implant applications. The research also emphasizes the crucial roles of the workpiece-tool gap, tool speed, finishing time, and chemical etching in achieving optimal surface topography.</p>

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Nano-level surface finishing of bio-zirconium alloys by magnetic field-assisted finishing processes and effect on its wettability characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Sudhir Chaurasiya,
  • Madhava Nand Pandey

摘要

This research investigates the magnetic field-assisted finishing (MFAF) process as a novel approach for enhancing the surface properties of bio-zirconium (bio-Zr) alloys, renowned for their exceptional mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The research utilizes magnetorheological (MR) fluid with a highly optimized magnetic field distribution, simulated using the Maxwell® finite element solver. This simulation allows for the precise alignment of carbonyl iron particles (CIP) within the finishing zone, following the magnetic field directions. Key process parameters such as rotary tool velocity, workpiece-tool gap, and finishing time (ranging from 2 to 8 h) were varied to achieve the desired surface finish. These adjustments led to significant reduction in surface roughness, from 800 to 8 nm after 8 h of the finishing time. The effectiveness of the MFAF process is further validated through advanced characterization techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), optical profilometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and a goniometer. These methods confirmed significant improvements in both surface roughness and wettability characteristics; the contact angle (CA) rises from 70° (hydrophilic) for the unprocessed surface to 125° (hydrophobic) following nano-level surface finishing. This research conclusively demonstrates that the MFAF process significantly enhances the surface integrity of bio-Zr alloys, making them ultra-smooth, wear-resistant, and tribologically optimized, which is essential for dental and orthopedic implant applications. The research also emphasizes the crucial roles of the workpiece-tool gap, tool speed, finishing time, and chemical etching in achieving optimal surface topography.