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<p>This study aims to investigate the influence of adjustable ring laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminum alloy using a combined experimental and finite element modeling approach. A three-dimensional finite element simulation is performed to analyze the welding temperature field and molten pool morphology, employing a Rotary-Gauss volumetric heat source model. The simulation assumes constant material properties and ignores fluid flow. The results indicate that the introduction of ring-mode laser significantly enlarges the molten pool and reduces the temperature gradient, promoting the transformation from columnar to equiaxed grain structures. The equiaxed grain area increases and coarsens with&#xa0;ring laser power, But is refined at 1000 W, resulting in peak hardness. The average grain size of the entire WS increases first and then decreases with the increase of ring laser power. Compared with single-core laser welding, the tensile strength improves by 10.63% of 6063 aluminum alloy fractalized by adjustable ring-mode (ARM) laser welding and the highest elongation is achieved at 2000 W. Besides, the ductile fracture is occurred at the center of the weld seam (WS) under different ring laser powers. These findings demonstrate that ring-mode modulation provides an effective approach to tailor weld microstructures and enhance joint performance in aluminum alloys.</p>

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminum alloy fractalized by adjustable ring-mode laser welding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月17日

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  • Xiang Li,
  • Ruizu Liu,
  • Zhenghui Zhang,
  • Yanqiu Zhao,
  • Bin Yang,
  • Xiaohong Zhan

摘要

This study aims to investigate the influence of adjustable ring laser power on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminum alloy using a combined experimental and finite element modeling approach. A three-dimensional finite element simulation is performed to analyze the welding temperature field and molten pool morphology, employing a Rotary-Gauss volumetric heat source model. The simulation assumes constant material properties and ignores fluid flow. The results indicate that the introduction of ring-mode laser significantly enlarges the molten pool and reduces the temperature gradient, promoting the transformation from columnar to equiaxed grain structures. The equiaxed grain area increases and coarsens with ring laser power, But is refined at 1000 W, resulting in peak hardness. The average grain size of the entire WS increases first and then decreases with the increase of ring laser power. Compared with single-core laser welding, the tensile strength improves by 10.63% of 6063 aluminum alloy fractalized by adjustable ring-mode (ARM) laser welding and the highest elongation is achieved at 2000 W. Besides, the ductile fracture is occurred at the center of the weld seam (WS) under different ring laser powers. These findings demonstrate that ring-mode modulation provides an effective approach to tailor weld microstructures and enhance joint performance in aluminum alloys.