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<p>3D printing, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM), has revolutionized the manufacturing of unique components across various industries. However, the performance of these components is highly dependent on manufacturing parameters. This study aims to identify optimal 3D printing parameters to produce components with superior tensile strength at a reasonable cost. Tensile test specimens were fabricated according to the ASTM D638 standard using a Hydra 16A 3D printer and nanographene-reinforced PLA material. Experimental trials followed a Taguchi design of experiment (L18 array), and the specimens were tested on a universal testing machine. Results revealed that tensile strength is significantly influenced by nozzle temperature, infill pattern, and infill density. Eighteen samples of composition (PLA + 4.5% nano-graphene) for different levels of three different processing parameters, extrusion temperature (190&#xa0;°C, 200&#xa0;°C, 210&#xa0;°C, 220&#xa0;°C, 220&#xa0;°C, 230&#xa0;°C, iv 240&#xa0;°C), infill pattern (gyroid, honeycomb, rectilinear), and infill density (40%, 50%, 60%) have been printed for tensile test as per ASTM standard D638. Among the tested parameters, the gyroid infill pattern demonstrated the highest tensile strength of 170.455&#xa0;MPa at a 60% infill density and the highest nozzle temperature. The study identified optimal print settings for cost-effective, high-strength components: a gyroid infill pattern, a nozzle temperature of 240 °C, and 60% infill density. These findings offer valuable insights for designers and engineers, enabling informed decision-making in the production of robust 3D-printed components. Regarding the industrial applications, the newly developed PLA-nGr composite can be favored for patient-specific implants and prosthesis in biomedicine because of their biocompatibility and strength. This material can be optimal for structural components in lightweight drones, airplanes, and automobiles due to their strength-to-weight ratio.</p>

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Taguchi-based optimization for tensile strength in FDM printed nano-graphene-reinforced PLA components

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月2日

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  • Sumit Singh,
  • Rajesh Kumar Attri,
  • Shefali Trivedi

摘要

3D printing, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM), has revolutionized the manufacturing of unique components across various industries. However, the performance of these components is highly dependent on manufacturing parameters. This study aims to identify optimal 3D printing parameters to produce components with superior tensile strength at a reasonable cost. Tensile test specimens were fabricated according to the ASTM D638 standard using a Hydra 16A 3D printer and nanographene-reinforced PLA material. Experimental trials followed a Taguchi design of experiment (L18 array), and the specimens were tested on a universal testing machine. Results revealed that tensile strength is significantly influenced by nozzle temperature, infill pattern, and infill density. Eighteen samples of composition (PLA + 4.5% nano-graphene) for different levels of three different processing parameters, extrusion temperature (190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, 220 °C, 220 °C, 230 °C, iv 240 °C), infill pattern (gyroid, honeycomb, rectilinear), and infill density (40%, 50%, 60%) have been printed for tensile test as per ASTM standard D638. Among the tested parameters, the gyroid infill pattern demonstrated the highest tensile strength of 170.455 MPa at a 60% infill density and the highest nozzle temperature. The study identified optimal print settings for cost-effective, high-strength components: a gyroid infill pattern, a nozzle temperature of 240 °C, and 60% infill density. These findings offer valuable insights for designers and engineers, enabling informed decision-making in the production of robust 3D-printed components. Regarding the industrial applications, the newly developed PLA-nGr composite can be favored for patient-specific implants and prosthesis in biomedicine because of their biocompatibility and strength. This material can be optimal for structural components in lightweight drones, airplanes, and automobiles due to their strength-to-weight ratio.