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<p>Orthopedic implants of 316 low carbon stainless steel (316L SS) currently possess certain limitations, including susceptibility to corrosion, risk of biofilm formation, and the lack of bioactivity. These problems can be&#xa0;resolved by surface modification of 316L SS by depositing biocompatible, bioactive, and corrosion-resistant composite coating via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Herein, we synthesized the boron and silver-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (B-Ag MBGNs) and characterized them in terms of morphology by&#xa0;scanning electron microscopy&#xa0;(SEM)&#xa0;analysis (spherical shape of B-Ag MBGNs with an average diameter of ~ 68.20&#xa0;nm) having a potential antibacterial effect against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> strains confirmed by disc diffusion test. Based on these potential characteristics, B-Ag MBGNs&#xa0;were incorporated into PEEK-based composite coating to improve its desired biological&#xa0;properties. PEEK-based composite coating (first PEEK layer was deposited and then a second layer of B-Ag MBGNs was also deposited on 316L SS via EPD and then sintered both layers at 350&#xa0;°C for 30&#xa0;min) for compactness, which improved its adhesion strength with the substrate. SEM analysis of composite coating revealed the uniform morphology of composite coating without any discernible microcracks or pores. However, at high magnification, the agglomerates of B-Ag MBGNs were heterogeneously present in the PEEK matrix. B-Ag MBGNs improved the surface properties from slightly hydrophobic (83 ± 2°) to slightly hydrophilic (68 ± 1°) with an average surface roughness of 1.70 ± 0.03&#xa0;µm. An electrochemical analysis revealed the corrosion resistance properties of the composite coating. Hence, the incorporation of B-Ag MBGNs&#xa0;in composite coating overcomes the challenges of biofilm formation, lack of bioactivity, and improves the&#xa0;bone regeneration effect, which demonstrates that the&#xa0;composite coating is robust and versatile for orthopedic implants.</p>

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Electrophoretic deposition of PEEK/B-Ag-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Muhammad Shafay Saleem,
  • Azaz Haider,
  • Aleena,
  • Khalil Ahmad,
  • Mohamed Abbas,
  • Shaeen Kalathil,
  • Azath Mubarakali,
  • Muhammad Atiq-Ur-Rehman

摘要

Orthopedic implants of 316 low carbon stainless steel (316L SS) currently possess certain limitations, including susceptibility to corrosion, risk of biofilm formation, and the lack of bioactivity. These problems can be resolved by surface modification of 316L SS by depositing biocompatible, bioactive, and corrosion-resistant composite coating via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Herein, we synthesized the boron and silver-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (B-Ag MBGNs) and characterized them in terms of morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis (spherical shape of B-Ag MBGNs with an average diameter of ~ 68.20 nm) having a potential antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli strains confirmed by disc diffusion test. Based on these potential characteristics, B-Ag MBGNs were incorporated into PEEK-based composite coating to improve its desired biological properties. PEEK-based composite coating (first PEEK layer was deposited and then a second layer of B-Ag MBGNs was also deposited on 316L SS via EPD and then sintered both layers at 350 °C for 30 min) for compactness, which improved its adhesion strength with the substrate. SEM analysis of composite coating revealed the uniform morphology of composite coating without any discernible microcracks or pores. However, at high magnification, the agglomerates of B-Ag MBGNs were heterogeneously present in the PEEK matrix. B-Ag MBGNs improved the surface properties from slightly hydrophobic (83 ± 2°) to slightly hydrophilic (68 ± 1°) with an average surface roughness of 1.70 ± 0.03 µm. An electrochemical analysis revealed the corrosion resistance properties of the composite coating. Hence, the incorporation of B-Ag MBGNs in composite coating overcomes the challenges of biofilm formation, lack of bioactivity, and improves the bone regeneration effect, which demonstrates that the composite coating is robust and versatile for orthopedic implants.