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<p>The polyurethane (PU) foam market is expanding due to demand in the construction, automotive, and furniture sectors. Sustainability, energy efficiency, and material advancements drive market development globally. High-hardness polyurethane foam is utilized across various fields, serving functions such as structural support, thermal insulation, decorative paneling, protective packaging, synthetic wood alternatives, and floral arrangements, as well as in model-making and prototype development. This study explores the use of silicon dioxide and zinc oxide (ZnO) as reinforcing fillers in PU foams to enhance mechanical properties. By analyzing the surface hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength, and porosity of polyurethane foam components, this study identifies ZnO powder as the optimal additive for polyurethane foaming agents. ZnO enhances surface hardness, with a 6.1% increase at 0.8&#xa0;g, attributed to restricted polymer chain mobility and strengthened interfacial interactions. Compressive strength improved as deformation decreased with increasing ZnO content. Tensile strength decreased by 10.2% at 0.8&#xa0;g exhibiting an inverse correlation with hardness. Additionally, ZnO acted as a nucleating agent, reducing porosity by refining foam structure and increasing density.</p>

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Advanced formulation strategies for high-performance polyurethane foam parts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月5日

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  • Chil-Chyuan Kuo,
  • Yi-Qing Lu,
  • Armaan Farooqui,
  • Yi-Xiang Ren,
  • Song-Hua Huang

摘要

The polyurethane (PU) foam market is expanding due to demand in the construction, automotive, and furniture sectors. Sustainability, energy efficiency, and material advancements drive market development globally. High-hardness polyurethane foam is utilized across various fields, serving functions such as structural support, thermal insulation, decorative paneling, protective packaging, synthetic wood alternatives, and floral arrangements, as well as in model-making and prototype development. This study explores the use of silicon dioxide and zinc oxide (ZnO) as reinforcing fillers in PU foams to enhance mechanical properties. By analyzing the surface hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength, and porosity of polyurethane foam components, this study identifies ZnO powder as the optimal additive for polyurethane foaming agents. ZnO enhances surface hardness, with a 6.1% increase at 0.8 g, attributed to restricted polymer chain mobility and strengthened interfacial interactions. Compressive strength improved as deformation decreased with increasing ZnO content. Tensile strength decreased by 10.2% at 0.8 g exhibiting an inverse correlation with hardness. Additionally, ZnO acted as a nucleating agent, reducing porosity by refining foam structure and increasing density.