<p>This study is motivated by the fact that the microstructures of nickel-based alloy rolled parts, influenced by hot deformation, have a great impact on the mechanical properties of the final components. In this paper, a 3D FE model integrated with material constitutive and microstructure models is developed to predict the macro deformation and microstructure characteristics of IN718 alloy aeroengine drum in hot radial-axial rolling process, and is verified by experiments. Then, based on four evaluation indexes, the distribution and evolution characteristics of strain, temperature, dynamic recrystallization and grain size within the rolled drum are analyzed quantitatively. The simulated results reveal an inverse trend in the distribution and evolution of strain and temperature. Moreover, the standard deviation values of strain and temperature increase with rolling percentage, indicating that their distribution uniformities worsen during the rolling process. Besides, the distribution and evolution of average grain size and dynamic recrystallization volume fraction exhibit opposite trends. The reductions in average and standard deviation values of grain size are related to dynamic recrystallization induced by macro deformation.</p>