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<p>TC4/TiC gradient materials can achieve smooth transitions in structure, composition, and properties, thereby leveraging the lightweight high strength of TC4 titanium alloy and the wear-resistant, high-temperature properties of TiC ceramic materials. Due to compositional differences in gradient materials, severe stress concentration was observed at the gradient interfaces during the laser metal deposition (LMD). To address this issue, in this study, the manufacturing process of gradient materials was simulated using numerical simulation to investigate the influence of laser power, scanning speed, and inter-layer cooling time on the stress distribution at gradient interfaces. TC4/TiC gradient materials were also prepared by LMD in this study, and macroscopic defects were analyzed. The results indicated that with increasing heat input, residual stresses in the upper deposition layers gradually increased, leading to more pronounced cracking, whereas residual stresses in the bottom deposition layers decreased gradually due to stress relief from heat source annealing at the top. Through the regression analysis of the simulation data, the regression equations of the technology parameters on the residual stresses in different regions of gradient material were obtained, as well as the degree of influence of the technology parameters on the residual stresses in each region: center of the gradient material, laser power &gt; scanning speed &gt; inter-layer cooling time; bottom of the gradient material, scanning speed &gt; laser power &gt; inter-layer cooling time; top of the gradient material, laser power &gt; scanning speed &gt; inter-layer cooling time. This work is of guiding significance for the control and elimination of residual stress in the preparation process of gradient materials.</p>

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Research on the stress distribution and prediction at the gradient interfaces of TC4/TiC gradient materials prepared by LMD

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月12日

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  • Feixiang Tian,
  • Leilei Wang,
  • Qiyu Gao,
  • Jiahao Zhang

摘要

TC4/TiC gradient materials can achieve smooth transitions in structure, composition, and properties, thereby leveraging the lightweight high strength of TC4 titanium alloy and the wear-resistant, high-temperature properties of TiC ceramic materials. Due to compositional differences in gradient materials, severe stress concentration was observed at the gradient interfaces during the laser metal deposition (LMD). To address this issue, in this study, the manufacturing process of gradient materials was simulated using numerical simulation to investigate the influence of laser power, scanning speed, and inter-layer cooling time on the stress distribution at gradient interfaces. TC4/TiC gradient materials were also prepared by LMD in this study, and macroscopic defects were analyzed. The results indicated that with increasing heat input, residual stresses in the upper deposition layers gradually increased, leading to more pronounced cracking, whereas residual stresses in the bottom deposition layers decreased gradually due to stress relief from heat source annealing at the top. Through the regression analysis of the simulation data, the regression equations of the technology parameters on the residual stresses in different regions of gradient material were obtained, as well as the degree of influence of the technology parameters on the residual stresses in each region: center of the gradient material, laser power > scanning speed > inter-layer cooling time; bottom of the gradient material, scanning speed > laser power > inter-layer cooling time; top of the gradient material, laser power > scanning speed > inter-layer cooling time. This work is of guiding significance for the control and elimination of residual stress in the preparation process of gradient materials.