Extreme high-speed laser material deposition of nickel-based superalloy
摘要
EHLA 3D was developed to print nickel-based superalloy parts. The interaction of powder and laser and the behavior of the molten pool was captured by high-speed photography. The thermal cycle of the molten pool was obtained by the thermal imager, which reveals the principle of the EHLA 3D. The microstructure and mechanical properties of specimens made by LMD and EHLA 3D were compared and analyzed. The mechanism of crystal growth and precipitation formation of nickel-based superalloy is illustrated by a comparative analysis of dendrite growth and precipitation phase formation during LMD and EHLA 3D, respectively. The results show that the EHLA 3D molten pool has a higher solidification cooling rate than the LMD molten pool, which is beneficial to grain refinement, dendritic arm spacing reduction, and the coexistence of columnar and equiaxed dendrites. Moreover, the segregation of Nb and Mo can be effectively inhibited, and the formation of Laves phase can be effectively reduced. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness of the specimens prepared by EHLA 3D at 25 °C and 650 °C were higher than those of LMD, especially elongation was improved and the processing efficiency was increased by nearly 60%.