A precise guiding technology for V-groove initial weld point based on binocular vision and structured light vision

Initial weld point (IWP) guiding technology is an essential component of intelligent welding. To address the issues associated with current IWP guiding, a precise guiding technology based on binocular vision and structured light vision is proposed. Firstly, binocular cameras can identify the initial weld region (IWR) through the improved Yolov8 object detection algorithm. After the IWP identification and binocular ranging, the point is approximately located. Then, the position of the structured light camera relative to the approximate IWP is determined by structured light planes. After identifying the weld feature points and boundary points, the camera posture is rectified to extract precise weld depth information, enabling the precise locating of the IWP. Finally, to verify the accuracy of visual locating, the welding torch is guided to the IWP, and the difference between guiding position and actual position is compared. Experimental results show that the proposed method can precisely locate the IWP, meeting subsequent welding requirements.