Thermal behaviors in the metal high-efficiency grinding process under simulated vacuum conditions: state of the art and future perspectives

In situ resource utilization is a necessary means to achieve sustainable development of human habitation on the Moon. Grinding processing enables the processing and application of abundant mineral resources on the Moon, allowing for the manufacturing of high-quality mechanical components and the restoration of component surfaces. The thermal transfer system of grinding becomes particularly complex under the influence of extreme conditions such as vacuum, low gravity, and significant temperature variations. This review examines the latest research and future prospects on grinding thermal behaviors under simulated vacuum conditions. First, the generation and propagation mechanisms of grinding heat are analyzed. Measurement methods for grinding temperature in extreme environments are summarized. Second, the heat transfer system framework under simulated vacuum conditions is constructed. A comparative analysis is conducted on the impacts of different heat source models, process parameters, and simulation methods. Third, the influencing factors of heat transfer behavior are summarized. Then, the framework for an efficient cooling system is constructed. Finally, the consequences of grinding-induced heat are summarized. This review provides essential technical means and guidance for the high-quality application of space resources and the development of human lunar exploration and migration technologies.