Rural e-commerce policies and industrial upgrading: policy transmission mechanisms and moderating role of urban–rural income gap
摘要
Based on the panel data of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2022, this study employed the multi-period difference-in-differences method to analyse the impact of the policy of e-commerce entering rural demonstration counties on the upgrading of regional industrial structure. The results show that the demonstration policies for e-commerce promote the upgrading of the industrial structure by facilitating labour mobility, capital accumulation, and leveraging government investment. In addition, the income gap between urban and rural areas has a moderating effect on the policy effect and presents an inverted U-shaped relationship. The policy effect is best when the urban–rural income ratio is 1.72–2.57. The empirical results provide references for targeted regional policy formulation. Furthermore, by elucidating the institutional prerequisites of China’s e-commerce policy, this study extracts an adaptable theoretical paradigm, offering valuable insights for other developing countries pursuing inclusive digital transformation.