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<p>Although Digital Twins (DTs) as digital representations of products are adopted by industry, the seamless exchange of DT data across its product lifecycle, from design to engineering, manufacturing, and operation, remains challenging. In particular, the early stages of product development, where the DT and its data evolve, as well as the cross-company collaboration during those phases are affected by significant interoperability issues.The current situation forces engineers to carry out lengthy processes of manual data identification, conversion, and integration, often resulting in substandard data quality. Consequently, this review article examines how cross-company DT data interoperability can be achieved by analyzing existing challenges, in terms of relevant context factors, requirements to be met, and proposed solutions including frameworks as well as enabling processes. The results indicate the significance of the addressed research problem as a variety of conceptual solutions and frameworks have been developed. However, most of the published work lack empirically valid results which leads to a lack of practical adoption. Moreover, these studies predominantly address later lifecycle phases and mostly don´t consider interoperability dimensions. We suggest research encompassing the semantic, technical, and organizational dimensions, particularly in the early DT lifecycle stages of product development. It needs to include a deeper understanding of stakeholder roles and processes to achieve data interoperability through process alignments.</p>

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Interoperability of digital twin data exchange in engineering processes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Constantin Liepert,
  • Christian Stary,
  • Axel Lamprecht,
  • Dennis Zügn

摘要

Although Digital Twins (DTs) as digital representations of products are adopted by industry, the seamless exchange of DT data across its product lifecycle, from design to engineering, manufacturing, and operation, remains challenging. In particular, the early stages of product development, where the DT and its data evolve, as well as the cross-company collaboration during those phases are affected by significant interoperability issues.The current situation forces engineers to carry out lengthy processes of manual data identification, conversion, and integration, often resulting in substandard data quality. Consequently, this review article examines how cross-company DT data interoperability can be achieved by analyzing existing challenges, in terms of relevant context factors, requirements to be met, and proposed solutions including frameworks as well as enabling processes. The results indicate the significance of the addressed research problem as a variety of conceptual solutions and frameworks have been developed. However, most of the published work lack empirically valid results which leads to a lack of practical adoption. Moreover, these studies predominantly address later lifecycle phases and mostly don´t consider interoperability dimensions. We suggest research encompassing the semantic, technical, and organizational dimensions, particularly in the early DT lifecycle stages of product development. It needs to include a deeper understanding of stakeholder roles and processes to achieve data interoperability through process alignments.