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<p>Traditional semi-rigid guardrails, reliant on Q235 carbon steel, face challenges of excessive weight and high carbon emissions. This study introduces a sustainable guardrail system combining high-strength stainless steel QM850 (7–10% Mn, 16–18% Cr; PREN = 22.2%) and Q355 alloy steel. QM850 exhibits superior tensile strength (810&#xa0;MPa), yield strength (458&#xa0;MPa), elongation (42%), and corrosion resistance, while Q355 delivers robust mechanical performance (630&#xa0;MPa tensile strength, 345&#xa0;MPa yield strength). The guardrail integrates an innovative energy-absorbing block that dissipates collision energy through controlled deformation and elevates the corrugated beam via compressive displacement, leveraging vehicle inertia to mitigate impact forces. Compared to conventional designs, the system achieves a 44.1% weight reduction (28.13&#xa0;kg/m) and reduced carbon footprint. Finite element simulations and full-scale crash tests confirm SB-level safety compliance: small cars exhibit longitudinal/lateral velocities &lt; 12&#xa0;m/s and accelerations &lt; 200&#xa0;m/s<sup>2</sup>, while heavy vehicles show permissible lateral dynamic deformations (&lt; regulatory thresholds). This work advances eco-friendly transportation infrastructure through material innovation and optimized energy-absorbing design, balancing safety, sustainability, and structural efficiency.</p>

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Multi-material synergistic design of high-strength steel guardrails: integrating Qm850/Q355 alloys and energy-absorbing structures for enhanced safety and sustainability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月19日

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  • ZENG Juncheng,
  • WU Dehua,
  • CHEN Zhiqing,
  • Chen Zhiwei,
  • LI Guanghao

摘要

Traditional semi-rigid guardrails, reliant on Q235 carbon steel, face challenges of excessive weight and high carbon emissions. This study introduces a sustainable guardrail system combining high-strength stainless steel QM850 (7–10% Mn, 16–18% Cr; PREN = 22.2%) and Q355 alloy steel. QM850 exhibits superior tensile strength (810 MPa), yield strength (458 MPa), elongation (42%), and corrosion resistance, while Q355 delivers robust mechanical performance (630 MPa tensile strength, 345 MPa yield strength). The guardrail integrates an innovative energy-absorbing block that dissipates collision energy through controlled deformation and elevates the corrugated beam via compressive displacement, leveraging vehicle inertia to mitigate impact forces. Compared to conventional designs, the system achieves a 44.1% weight reduction (28.13 kg/m) and reduced carbon footprint. Finite element simulations and full-scale crash tests confirm SB-level safety compliance: small cars exhibit longitudinal/lateral velocities < 12 m/s and accelerations < 200 m/s2, while heavy vehicles show permissible lateral dynamic deformations (< regulatory thresholds). This work advances eco-friendly transportation infrastructure through material innovation and optimized energy-absorbing design, balancing safety, sustainability, and structural efficiency.