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<p>Arthrofibrosis occurs after various operations, especially in the knee joint. Although some studies report only a&#xa0;few cases, arthrofibrosis remains a very common complication and a&#xa0;major reason for subsequent revision surgery. Registry studies show that revision surgery had to be regularly performed after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction due to joint stiffness. Women, persons with previous knee surgery and patients who had undergone ACL surgery using the transtibial i.e., extra-anatomical, drilling technique have an increased risk. The influence of timing of surgery on the development of an arthrofibrosis is still controversially discussed; however, early posttraumatic surgery appears to be associated with a&#xa0;higher risk of postoperative stiffness. Early restoration of mobility, supported by cryotherapy, compression and mild exercises, is crucial to prevent arthrofibrosis. Physiotherapeutic interventions should avoid painful stretching as much as possible to minimize the risk of fibrotic tissue proliferation. If conservative approaches are not sufficient arthroscopic cicatrix removal (arthrolysis) provides an effective surgical treatment option. Preoperative measures such as supportive pain therapy, emotional support and biofeedback exercises are helpful in optimizing arthrofibrosis treatment. There is a&#xa0;need for further research, particularly for a&#xa0;better understanding of the pathogenesis and multifactorial risk factors, in order to improve preventive and treatment approaches.</p>

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Rehabilitation in der (Nach‑)Behandlung der Arthrofibrose

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • Robert Prill,
  • Jonathan Lettner

摘要

Arthrofibrosis occurs after various operations, especially in the knee joint. Although some studies report only a few cases, arthrofibrosis remains a very common complication and a major reason for subsequent revision surgery. Registry studies show that revision surgery had to be regularly performed after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction due to joint stiffness. Women, persons with previous knee surgery and patients who had undergone ACL surgery using the transtibial i.e., extra-anatomical, drilling technique have an increased risk. The influence of timing of surgery on the development of an arthrofibrosis is still controversially discussed; however, early posttraumatic surgery appears to be associated with a higher risk of postoperative stiffness. Early restoration of mobility, supported by cryotherapy, compression and mild exercises, is crucial to prevent arthrofibrosis. Physiotherapeutic interventions should avoid painful stretching as much as possible to minimize the risk of fibrotic tissue proliferation. If conservative approaches are not sufficient arthroscopic cicatrix removal (arthrolysis) provides an effective surgical treatment option. Preoperative measures such as supportive pain therapy, emotional support and biofeedback exercises are helpful in optimizing arthrofibrosis treatment. There is a need for further research, particularly for a better understanding of the pathogenesis and multifactorial risk factors, in order to improve preventive and treatment approaches.