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<p>Persistent infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) represent the central cause of cervical carcinogenesis and form the basis of modern cervical cancer screening strategies. Molecular detection of HPV provides substantially higher sensitivity for the identification of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia compared with cytology alone and allows for extended screening intervals due to the high negative predictive value of a&#xa0;negative HPV test. Randomized trials and population-based screening programs have demonstrated that HPV-based screening strategies can improve the prevention of invasive cervical cancer. Internationally, different screening approaches are currently applied, including cytology-based screening, cotesting with HPV and cytology, and primary HPV screening with cytological triage. In Germany, an organized population-based screening program with age-adapted testing strategies was introduced in 2020. Emerging approaches such as HPV self-sampling, risk-adapted screening models, and artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostics may further optimize HPV-based cervical cancer prevention in the future.</p>

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Primäres Zervixkarzinom-Screening

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Lena Steinkasserer,
  • Matthias Jentschke,
  • Jens Hachenberg,
  • Anna-Viktoria Strassek,
  • Julia Gallwas,
  • Peter Hillemanns

摘要

Persistent infections with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) represent the central cause of cervical carcinogenesis and form the basis of modern cervical cancer screening strategies. Molecular detection of HPV provides substantially higher sensitivity for the identification of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia compared with cytology alone and allows for extended screening intervals due to the high negative predictive value of a negative HPV test. Randomized trials and population-based screening programs have demonstrated that HPV-based screening strategies can improve the prevention of invasive cervical cancer. Internationally, different screening approaches are currently applied, including cytology-based screening, cotesting with HPV and cytology, and primary HPV screening with cytological triage. In Germany, an organized population-based screening program with age-adapted testing strategies was introduced in 2020. Emerging approaches such as HPV self-sampling, risk-adapted screening models, and artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostics may further optimize HPV-based cervical cancer prevention in the future.