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<p>The neonatal microbiome plays a&#xa0;key role in the development of the immune system, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function. In contrast, a&#xa0;disrupted microbiome—herein referred to as dysbiosis—can be associated with both acute and long-term health risks such as asthma, obesity, and inflammatory disorders. Early colonization is significantly influenced by the mode of birth, infant nutrition during the first year of life, the surrounding environment, and exposure to antibiotics. However, the foundation for establishing a&#xa0;healthy microbiome are already laid during pregnancy! Women can only pass on microorganisms to their child that they themselves harbor—whether through transmission of the microbiome and its metabolic products during birth or through breastfeeding. Therefore, factors that influence the maternal microbiome, such as nutrition or antibiotic use, play a&#xa0;central role. Antibiotics are routinely used during pregnancy and childbirth for prophylaxis and treatment of perinatal infections. They affect not only the woman’s health prenatally but also reach the child via the placenta, alter the microbiome of the birth canal, and are detectable postpartum in breast milk. A&#xa0;mindful and indication-based use of antibiotics is essential to minimize the risk of early dysbiosis and its potential long-term consequences.</p>

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Antibiotika in der Schwangerschaft und neonatales Mikrobiom – Nutzen, Risiken und evidenzbasierter Einsatz

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Verena Bossung,
  • Christoph Härtel

摘要

The neonatal microbiome plays a key role in the development of the immune system, metabolism, and intestinal barrier function. In contrast, a disrupted microbiome—herein referred to as dysbiosis—can be associated with both acute and long-term health risks such as asthma, obesity, and inflammatory disorders. Early colonization is significantly influenced by the mode of birth, infant nutrition during the first year of life, the surrounding environment, and exposure to antibiotics. However, the foundation for establishing a healthy microbiome are already laid during pregnancy! Women can only pass on microorganisms to their child that they themselves harbor—whether through transmission of the microbiome and its metabolic products during birth or through breastfeeding. Therefore, factors that influence the maternal microbiome, such as nutrition or antibiotic use, play a central role. Antibiotics are routinely used during pregnancy and childbirth for prophylaxis and treatment of perinatal infections. They affect not only the woman’s health prenatally but also reach the child via the placenta, alter the microbiome of the birth canal, and are detectable postpartum in breast milk. A mindful and indication-based use of antibiotics is essential to minimize the risk of early dysbiosis and its potential long-term consequences.