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<p>This study reports a simple and efficient dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method using phosphonate ester-functionalized poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-coated magnetic nanoparticles for the trace determination of Co(II) and Cr(III) in environmental samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by NMR, FT-IR, SEM, and TGA analyses. Under optimized conditions, detection limits were 0.8&#xa0;µg L⁻<sup>1</sup> for Co and 1.9&#xa0;µg L⁻<sup>1</sup> for Cr, with linear calibration ranges of 2.5–250&#xa0;µg L⁻<sup>1</sup> and 5.0–500&#xa0;µg L⁻<sup>1</sup>, respectively. Compared with direct FAAS, the enhancement factor (EF) was 110 for Co and 204 for Cr. Recovery tests in spiked tap water and black tea infusions yielded recoveries of 79% to 114%, confirming the method’s precision and applicability in real matrices. This approach provides a cost-effective and reliable alternative to advanced instrumental methods and demonstrates the potential of functionalized magnetic sorbents for trace metal monitoring in environmental and food analysis.</p>

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Ultra-trace Determination of Chromium (III) and Cobalt (II) Using Phosphonate Ester-Functionalized PAMAM Magnetite and DSPE-FAAS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Dilges Baskin,
  • Ozge Yilmaz,
  • Muhammad Nazrul Islam,
  • Metin Tulu,
  • Tarik Eren,
  • İkbal Koyuncu

摘要

This study reports a simple and efficient dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method using phosphonate ester-functionalized poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-coated magnetic nanoparticles for the trace determination of Co(II) and Cr(III) in environmental samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by NMR, FT-IR, SEM, and TGA analyses. Under optimized conditions, detection limits were 0.8 µg L⁻1 for Co and 1.9 µg L⁻1 for Cr, with linear calibration ranges of 2.5–250 µg L⁻1 and 5.0–500 µg L⁻1, respectively. Compared with direct FAAS, the enhancement factor (EF) was 110 for Co and 204 for Cr. Recovery tests in spiked tap water and black tea infusions yielded recoveries of 79% to 114%, confirming the method’s precision and applicability in real matrices. This approach provides a cost-effective and reliable alternative to advanced instrumental methods and demonstrates the potential of functionalized magnetic sorbents for trace metal monitoring in environmental and food analysis.