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<p>The UV filter benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is a prevalent environmental pollutant due to its extensive use in personal care products, raising concerns about its ecological risks. This study investigated the pH-dependent oxidative stress effects of benzophenone-3 (BP-3) on <i>Carassius auratus</i> by measuring four key biomarkers—superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and malonaldehyde in liver tissue. The results demonstrated that BP-3 exposure led to significant oxidative stress, as evidenced by altered antioxidant levels and increased lipid peroxidation. The integrated biomarker response indicated that stress was more pronounced at higher BP-3 concentrations and varied with pH, being greatest under acidic conditions. These findings demonstrate that the toxicity of BP-3 is strongly influenced by environmental pH, highlighting the necessity of incorporating pH variations into ecological risk assessments of ionizable organic pollutants.</p>

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The pH-Dependent Antioxidant Responses of Benzophenone-3 on Carassius auratus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Junyun Huang,
  • Boying Liu,
  • Sijia Yuan,
  • Haiyun Zhou,
  • Jian Bao,
  • Yong Tu,
  • Zunyao Wang,
  • Weixia Wang

摘要

The UV filter benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is a prevalent environmental pollutant due to its extensive use in personal care products, raising concerns about its ecological risks. This study investigated the pH-dependent oxidative stress effects of benzophenone-3 (BP-3) on Carassius auratus by measuring four key biomarkers—superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and malonaldehyde in liver tissue. The results demonstrated that BP-3 exposure led to significant oxidative stress, as evidenced by altered antioxidant levels and increased lipid peroxidation. The integrated biomarker response indicated that stress was more pronounced at higher BP-3 concentrations and varied with pH, being greatest under acidic conditions. These findings demonstrate that the toxicity of BP-3 is strongly influenced by environmental pH, highlighting the necessity of incorporating pH variations into ecological risk assessments of ionizable organic pollutants.