<p>Optical petrography, LA-ICP-MS chemical mapping, cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging, and in situ major and trace element analyses of spodumene and muscovite are presented. These data are used to decipher magmatic and hydrothermal fluid evolution, and crystallization processes, in the Lijiagou spodumene pegmatites of the central Songpan–Garze fold belt, eastern Tibet, China. Three stages of crystallization of spodumene and muscovite spanning the magmatic-hydrothermal transition are recognized. Early-magmatic Stage 1 is characterized by magmatic crystallization of both minerals from an early magmatic melt. Following partial resorption of spodumene, late-magmatic Stage 1 crystallization of spodumene commonly consists of rhythmic zones interpreted to have crystallized alternately from silicic and aqueous magmas. No late-magmatic Stage 1 of muscovite crystallization has been identified. Stage 2 includes minor resorption of both muscovite and spodumene, followed by crystallization of both zinnwaldite overgrowths rich in Fe and rare elements, and of Sn-poor spodumene overgrowths. These phases likely crystallized from a high-F hydrothermal fluid that had unmixed from magma. In Stage 3, minor muscovite, depleted in rare metals compared to Stage 2 zinnwaldite, overgrew pre-existing muscovite. This muscovite crystallized from a residual hydrothermal fluid and followed complete magma crystallization. Variations in Nb, Ta, Be, and Sn concentrations of muscovite through Stages 1-3 allow the crystallization history of columbite-group minerals, beryl, and cassiterite to be inferred. Stage 1 spodumene displays prominent oscillatory zoning in CL images, in which colors are shown by LA-ICP-MS analysis to correlate with Mn, Fe, Sn, and Ti contents and with Mn/Fe ratios. The ability to monitor the internal textures, and indirectly the chemistry, of spodumene crystals by CL may be useful in assessing the economic value of spodumene and in mineral processing.</p>