<p>Rare metal granitic plutons often exhibit vertical compositional zonation with different lithofacies from K-feldspar granite to albite granite and are commonly surrounded by mineralized felsic dikes. The Late-Jurassic Laiziling complex, associated with Sn-Nb–Ta mineralization in the Xianghualing ore district (South China), consists of the Laiziling alkali feldspar granite pluton, an albite granite stock, and the No. 431 dike. The No. 431 dike consists of topaz-albite granite (TAG), topaz greisen and fluorite-sericite rock (FSR). Sn mineralization is primarily hosted in the greisen and the skarn at the top of the Laiziling pluton, while Nb–Ta mineralization occurs in the albite granite stock and the No. 431 dike. The albite granite has higher Nb–Ta but lower Sn-Li-Rb contents than the alkali feldspar granite. Here, a two-stage melt extraction model is proposed: (1) initial extraction of a K-rich melt enriched in Sn-Li-Rb formed the alkali feldspar granite; (2) subsequent crystallization of K-feldspar and zinnwaldite within the crystal mush left a Na- and F-enriched residual melt, which then generated the albite granite stock and the No. 431 dike. Cassiterite U–Pb ages from the greisen and the topaz greisen are indistinguishable, indicating contemporaneous hydrothermal activity. Nb–Ta mineralization is primarily magmatic in origin, with a subordinate metasomatic overprint indicated by columbite-(Fe) grains with Ta-rich overgrowths. The timing of residual melt extraction from a crystal mush within a single silicic magma chamber likely controls the mineralization type (Sn-Li-Rb mineralization at early stages versus Nb–Ta mineralization at late stages) within highly-evolved granitic systems.</p>