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<p>Drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions (DIHR) represent a&#xa0;broad spectrum of immune-mediated disorders that occur after exposure to medications and can affect various organ systems. The most important entities include drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN, Lyell’s syndrome), serum sickness, drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonias, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Pulmonary manifestations are common and can have a&#xa0;decisive impact on the clinical course. This review article explains the immunological foundations, pathogenesis, and etiology of drug-induced hyperreactivity disorders, describes their clinical relevance, and presents the typical thoracic manifestations and imaging patterns in chest computed tomography (CT). The focus is on the importance of radiological diagnostics for the early detection and differentiation of these potentially life-threatening conditions.</p>

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Medikamenteninduzierte Hyperreaktivitätserkrankungen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Justus E. Roos,
  • Lukas Ebner

摘要

Drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions (DIHR) represent a broad spectrum of immune-mediated disorders that occur after exposure to medications and can affect various organ systems. The most important entities include drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN, Lyell’s syndrome), serum sickness, drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonias, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Pulmonary manifestations are common and can have a decisive impact on the clinical course. This review article explains the immunological foundations, pathogenesis, and etiology of drug-induced hyperreactivity disorders, describes their clinical relevance, and presents the typical thoracic manifestations and imaging patterns in chest computed tomography (CT). The focus is on the importance of radiological diagnostics for the early detection and differentiation of these potentially life-threatening conditions.