Perspektiven auf das Lebensende: eine systematische Erhebung bei Patienten mit amyotropher Lateralsklerose

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease that still has to be primarily treated symptomatically or palliatively. It is therefore all the more important, in addition to initiating treatment, such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), noninvasive ventilation therapy (NIVT) and invasive ventilation therapy via tracheotomy (IVT), to discuss the possible termination of these measures early on.

What is the importance of advance directives for those affected and where are possible deficits in therapy planning for the end of life?

Between March 2017 and January 2019 patients with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of ALS at six treatment centers were asked to fill out a questionnaire. A total of 328 people returned the completed forms.

Of the participants 72% had already made an advance directive (AD), 25% planned to fill one out and only 3% refused to do so. In composing the AD most patients (90%) had support, although 56% lacked medical counselling and only 18% had drawn up the will together with the doctor and relatives, with the majority of the rest also wanting support from a doctor. A total of 37% of all patients wanted a contact person to talk about their illness but only 40% of them had such a contact person. Of the patients 22% stated that they had considered suicide and of these only 55% stated that they had no contact person for the psychological stress caused by the illness but 31% wished to have such a person.

A coordinated care of ALS patients, which also takes the psychosocial aspects into account is urgently needed.