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Background <p>Type&#xa0;1 diabetes (T1D) is the second most common metabolic disease in childhood and adolescence after familial hypercholesterolemia. The diagnosis is often delayed and a severe metabolic derailment is often present at the time of manifestation of diabetes. An early recognition of T1D in is possible in Bavaria, Lower Saxony, Hamburg and Saxony as part of the Fr1da study.</p> Methods <p>After pediatric medical consultation, a&#xa0;blood sample is taken during routine examinations, which is analyzed for the presence of multiple diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Positive results are confirmed by a&#xa0;second sample. Children with early stage T1D were classified into stages&#xa0;1 (normoglycemia), 2 (dysglycemia) and 3 (clinical manifestation) as part of metabolic staging.</p> Results <p>Between 2015 and September 2023 &gt; 205,000 children were screened. Early stage T1D (positive for ≥ 2 autoantibodies) was detected in 603 children. The prevalence for an early stage was 0.3%. At the time of clinical manifestation of T1D &lt; 5% of children with known early stage were affected by diabetic ketoacidosis. Less than half of the children had symptoms typical for diabetes The median duration of hospitalization was 8&#xa0;days.</p> Conclusion <p>The early detection of T1D has been implemented in studies in Germany. Participation in the Fr1da study enables a&#xa0;presymptomatic diagnosis of T1D. Children with early stage disease (stage&#xa0;2) can be offered immunomodulatory treatment and participation in studies with immune interventions, as long as they are available. Network structures offer a&#xa0;mutual exchange of experience on the latest developments in this field.</p>

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Früherkennung des Typ-1-Diabetes im Kindesalter

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Thekla von dem Berge,
  • Peter Achenbach,
  • Gita Gemulla,
  • Sandra Hummel,
  • Anja Loff,
  • Olga Kordonouri

摘要

Background

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the second most common metabolic disease in childhood and adolescence after familial hypercholesterolemia. The diagnosis is often delayed and a severe metabolic derailment is often present at the time of manifestation of diabetes. An early recognition of T1D in is possible in Bavaria, Lower Saxony, Hamburg and Saxony as part of the Fr1da study.

Methods

After pediatric medical consultation, a blood sample is taken during routine examinations, which is analyzed for the presence of multiple diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Positive results are confirmed by a second sample. Children with early stage T1D were classified into stages 1 (normoglycemia), 2 (dysglycemia) and 3 (clinical manifestation) as part of metabolic staging.

Results

Between 2015 and September 2023 > 205,000 children were screened. Early stage T1D (positive for ≥ 2 autoantibodies) was detected in 603 children. The prevalence for an early stage was 0.3%. At the time of clinical manifestation of T1D < 5% of children with known early stage were affected by diabetic ketoacidosis. Less than half of the children had symptoms typical for diabetes The median duration of hospitalization was 8 days.

Conclusion

The early detection of T1D has been implemented in studies in Germany. Participation in the Fr1da study enables a presymptomatic diagnosis of T1D. Children with early stage disease (stage 2) can be offered immunomodulatory treatment and participation in studies with immune interventions, as long as they are available. Network structures offer a mutual exchange of experience on the latest developments in this field.