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Background <p>Hypertension is the leading cause of premature death globally, and acute decompensated heart failure is among the most common causes of hospitalization. Both conditions are adversely affected by high dietary sodium intake. In contrast, potassium has been shown to lower blood pressure. Substituting dietary sodium with potassium may therefore reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension and possibly heart failure.</p> Objectives <p>This review summarizes the current evidence on the cardiovascular effects of dietary sodium and potassium-containing salts.</p> Current data <p>Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate that high sodium intake is associated with elevated blood pressure and increased rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Meta-analyses indicate that reducing sodium intake lowers blood pressure and reduces cardiovascular events. In a&#xa0;cluster-randomized trial, partial substitution of sodium chloride with potassium-enriched salt reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension. However, robust data on the effects of sodium restriction or potassium substitution on hard cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure remain limited.</p> Conclusions <p>High sodium intake has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. Substituting sodium with potassium-containing salts represents a&#xa0;promising strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension.</p>

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Kaliumsubstitution – ist der Ersatz von natrium- durch kaliumhaltige Speisesalze sinnvoll?

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月5日

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  • Felix Götzinger,
  • Michael Kunz,
  • Lucas Lauder,
  • Felix Mahfoud

摘要

Background

Hypertension is the leading cause of premature death globally, and acute decompensated heart failure is among the most common causes of hospitalization. Both conditions are adversely affected by high dietary sodium intake. In contrast, potassium has been shown to lower blood pressure. Substituting dietary sodium with potassium may therefore reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension and possibly heart failure.

Objectives

This review summarizes the current evidence on the cardiovascular effects of dietary sodium and potassium-containing salts.

Current data

Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate that high sodium intake is associated with elevated blood pressure and increased rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Meta-analyses indicate that reducing sodium intake lowers blood pressure and reduces cardiovascular events. In a cluster-randomized trial, partial substitution of sodium chloride with potassium-enriched salt reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension. However, robust data on the effects of sodium restriction or potassium substitution on hard cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure remain limited.

Conclusions

High sodium intake has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. Substituting sodium with potassium-containing salts represents a promising strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension.