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<p>Growing demand for hardwood in the United States for different commercial purposes, is generating large amounts of forest wood residue biomass. These hardwood residues offer a largely untapped feedstock for sustainable biomanufacturing, currently underutilized or burned for low-value energy. Forest residue biomass (FRB) contains carbohydrates that can be converted to fermentable sugars (glucose and xylose) for the production high-value bioproducts, improving wood processing economics and supporting the circular bioeconomy. However, the inherent variation in biomass composition across hardwood species can directly affect sugar recovery, fermentation efficiency, and overall bioproduct yield. This study evaluates the effects of variability among individual hardwood species (Ash, Cherry, and Maple), and their mixtures, on sugar yields, thereby on possible fermentative applications, offering insights for more reliable, feedstock-flexible biorefineries. Hardwood residues (FRB) showed notable variation in raw composition, with glucan ranging from 32.8 to 36.7%, xylan from 28.6 to 32.5%, and extractives from 8.0 to 10.9% across the species. Hydrothermal pretreatment followed by mechanical refining significantly increased the glucan content (5.4–9.6%), thereby enhancing substrate availability for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared with individual feedstocks, mixed FRB showed similar overall composition and hydrolysis efficiencies, highlighting its inclusivity and availability for valorization and utilization throughout the year. Moreover, considering experimental results and data from previous literature, this study determines the theoretical production potential of different types of biofuels and biochemicals from FRB. This study demonstrates a sustainable approach for the complete utilization of forest residues, proposing ways to generate additional revenue and promote circular bioeconomy.</p>

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Potential of mixed hardwood forest residues from Northeastern United States for the production of different biobased products

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Sushant Gawali,
  • Deepak Kumar,
  • Ankita Juneja

摘要

Growing demand for hardwood in the United States for different commercial purposes, is generating large amounts of forest wood residue biomass. These hardwood residues offer a largely untapped feedstock for sustainable biomanufacturing, currently underutilized or burned for low-value energy. Forest residue biomass (FRB) contains carbohydrates that can be converted to fermentable sugars (glucose and xylose) for the production high-value bioproducts, improving wood processing economics and supporting the circular bioeconomy. However, the inherent variation in biomass composition across hardwood species can directly affect sugar recovery, fermentation efficiency, and overall bioproduct yield. This study evaluates the effects of variability among individual hardwood species (Ash, Cherry, and Maple), and their mixtures, on sugar yields, thereby on possible fermentative applications, offering insights for more reliable, feedstock-flexible biorefineries. Hardwood residues (FRB) showed notable variation in raw composition, with glucan ranging from 32.8 to 36.7%, xylan from 28.6 to 32.5%, and extractives from 8.0 to 10.9% across the species. Hydrothermal pretreatment followed by mechanical refining significantly increased the glucan content (5.4–9.6%), thereby enhancing substrate availability for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Compared with individual feedstocks, mixed FRB showed similar overall composition and hydrolysis efficiencies, highlighting its inclusivity and availability for valorization and utilization throughout the year. Moreover, considering experimental results and data from previous literature, this study determines the theoretical production potential of different types of biofuels and biochemicals from FRB. This study demonstrates a sustainable approach for the complete utilization of forest residues, proposing ways to generate additional revenue and promote circular bioeconomy.