Impact of pre-existing medical conditions on mortality in geriatric trauma: a nationwide study in Japan

To investigate the relationship between pre-existing medical conditions and outcomes in elderly trauma patients in Japan.

This multicenter observational study utilized data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) from 2019 to 2020. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Factors associated with in-hospital mortality were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis, from which adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined.

Of the participants during the study period, 19,598 patients were included in the analysis. Among the pre-existing medical conditions, moderate or severe liver disease showed the strongest positive association with in-hospital mortality (AOR: 7.087, 95% CI: 3.194–15.722), followed by multiple malignancies (AOR: 3.490, 95% CI: 1.046–11.641), congestive heart failure (AOR: 2.572, 95% CI: 1.920–3.445), and moderate or severe renal disease (AOR: 2.256, 95% CI: 1.584–3.215).

Data from JTDB suggests that pre-existing conditions like moderate or severe liver disease, congestive heart failure, and moderate or severe renal disease in elderly trauma patients are positively correlated with in-hospital mortality.