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Purpose <p>Craniofacial disorders (CD) affect the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). Therefore, this study evaluates the OHIP in orthodontic patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence compared to healthy controls&#xa0;(C).</p> Methods <p>A&#xa0;prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using the OHIP-14 questionnaire, with responses categorized into functional and psychological well-being items. In addition, the study considered the influence of crossbite, orthodontic appliance type, oral hygiene, and speech therapy. A&#xa0;high OHIP score represents a&#xa0;good quality of life. The Mann–Whitney test was used for nonparametric quantitative variables; statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>The study included 119 participants (ages 7–21&#xa0;years; 61&#xa0;male, 58&#xa0;female), divided into a&#xa0;CD group consisting of patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence (<i>n</i> = 42) and a&#xa0;control group&#xa0;(C; <i>n</i> = 77; mean age 13.5 ± 5.2 and 14.3 ± 3.3&#xa0;years, respectively). Both groups showed comparable OHIP-14 scores. The CD group reported significantly higher satisfaction regarding nutritional intake (<i>p</i> = 0.03), while the social and psychological dimensions were reduced (<i>p</i> = 0.04). Factors like crossbite, orthodontic appliance and speech therapy did not have a&#xa0;significant impact on OHIP. CD patients with good oral hygiene showed significantly superior self-reported psychological OHIP (<i>p</i> = 0.04).</p> Conclusion <p>Patients with cleft lip and/or palate or with Robin sequence exhibited OHIP scores comparable to healthy individuals despite their underlying condition. Early guidance on dental care and tooth-friendly nutrition has the potential to improve OHRQoL. Additionally, providing supplemental psychological support during orthodontic treatment is advisable.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Effects of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment on quality of life among orthodontic patients with craniofacial disorder compared to healthy controls

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月3日

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  • C. Weismann,
  • M. Schmidt,
  • J. Effert,
  • M. C. Schulz,
  • C. F. Poets,
  • B. Koos,
  • M. Aretxabaleta

摘要

Purpose

Craniofacial disorders (CD) affect the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). Therefore, this study evaluates the OHIP in orthodontic patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence compared to healthy controls (C).

Methods

A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using the OHIP-14 questionnaire, with responses categorized into functional and psychological well-being items. In addition, the study considered the influence of crossbite, orthodontic appliance type, oral hygiene, and speech therapy. A high OHIP score represents a good quality of life. The Mann–Whitney test was used for nonparametric quantitative variables; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

The study included 119 participants (ages 7–21 years; 61 male, 58 female), divided into a CD group consisting of patients with cleft lip and/or palate or Robin sequence (n = 42) and a control group (C; n = 77; mean age 13.5 ± 5.2 and 14.3 ± 3.3 years, respectively). Both groups showed comparable OHIP-14 scores. The CD group reported significantly higher satisfaction regarding nutritional intake (p = 0.03), while the social and psychological dimensions were reduced (p = 0.04). Factors like crossbite, orthodontic appliance and speech therapy did not have a significant impact on OHIP. CD patients with good oral hygiene showed significantly superior self-reported psychological OHIP (p = 0.04).

Conclusion

Patients with cleft lip and/or palate or with Robin sequence exhibited OHIP scores comparable to healthy individuals despite their underlying condition. Early guidance on dental care and tooth-friendly nutrition has the potential to improve OHRQoL. Additionally, providing supplemental psychological support during orthodontic treatment is advisable.

Graphic abstract