Kolitis und Enteritis als sexuell übertragbare Infektion

Sexually transmitted infections (STI) of the large and small intestines (colitis, enteritis) are rare and therefore represent challenging diagnostic hurdles for the treating physician. The STIs can be transmitted via anal sex and oral-genital or oral-anal sexual contacts. Symptomatic patients can develop diarrhea and general malaise. The diagnostics include colonoscopy in addition to pathogen diagnostics from the stool. Enteric bacterial pathogens, protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidia spp.) and viruses (cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, hepatitis A) should be excluded. Other differential diagnoses include human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated chronic inflammatory bowel disease, malignancies, medications and opportunistic infections in HIV. The treatment depends on the pathogens identified and is usually not syndromic. Condoms and hygiene measures are important measures for prevention.