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<p>Dung beetles are of great importance in livestock ecosystems. The utilization of macrocyclic lactones to control cattle parasites has a detrimental effect on the community of dung invertebrates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attraction of <i>Onthophagus hircus</i> to ivermectin-fortified fecal matter (IFM) under laboratory conditions. Dung beetles primarily detect food through olfaction. To assess odor discrimination behavior, a passive hole-board olfactometer (HBO) was designed. The efficacy of the design was tested through the execution of two control experiments, which measured the attraction (both group and individual) of <i>O. hircus</i> to control fecal matter (CFM) or soil (S). The third experiment was conducted to evaluate individual attraction to IFM. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analyses, and the selection rate was estimated. In both the individual and group control experiences, active individuals were significantly attracted to CFM (46% and 74%, respectively) (p &lt; 0.05 in both cases). Attraction percentages in experiment 3 were: 44% for IFM, 38% for CFM, and 19% for S (p &lt; 0.05). Male and female beetles showed a slight tendency to be attracted to IFM but did not display a significant preference between IFM and CFM (p &gt; 0.05). This study confirmed that an HBO design is a valid approach for testing odor discrimination and assessing the attraction of <i>O. hircus</i> to bovine feces. However, this species demonstrated an inability to differentiate between ivermectin-contaminated and untreated faeces.</p>

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The applicability of a passive hole-board olfactometer in the discrimination of the presence of drugs in fecal matter for dung beetles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月20日

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  • Agustina Escudero,
  • Gonzalo Suárez Veirano,
  • Patricia González-Vainer

摘要

Dung beetles are of great importance in livestock ecosystems. The utilization of macrocyclic lactones to control cattle parasites has a detrimental effect on the community of dung invertebrates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attraction of Onthophagus hircus to ivermectin-fortified fecal matter (IFM) under laboratory conditions. Dung beetles primarily detect food through olfaction. To assess odor discrimination behavior, a passive hole-board olfactometer (HBO) was designed. The efficacy of the design was tested through the execution of two control experiments, which measured the attraction (both group and individual) of O. hircus to control fecal matter (CFM) or soil (S). The third experiment was conducted to evaluate individual attraction to IFM. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analyses, and the selection rate was estimated. In both the individual and group control experiences, active individuals were significantly attracted to CFM (46% and 74%, respectively) (p < 0.05 in both cases). Attraction percentages in experiment 3 were: 44% for IFM, 38% for CFM, and 19% for S (p < 0.05). Male and female beetles showed a slight tendency to be attracted to IFM but did not display a significant preference between IFM and CFM (p > 0.05). This study confirmed that an HBO design is a valid approach for testing odor discrimination and assessing the attraction of O. hircus to bovine feces. However, this species demonstrated an inability to differentiate between ivermectin-contaminated and untreated faeces.