<p>The advent of nanosensing technologies marks a significant advancement in medicinal chemistry, particularly in the detection and monitoring of therapeutic agents such as doxorubicin. This review aims to elucidate the development of cutting-edge biosensor technologies specifically tailored for the sensitive and selective detection of doxorubicin, a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent. We critically analyze various recently developed nanosensors, including electrochemical sensors and optical sensors, highlighting their distinct mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Unlike previous literature, this review synthesizes current research findings to provide a comprehensive overview of how these innovative nanosensing platforms can enhance drug monitoring, improve therapeutic outcomes, and support personalized medicine approaches. By addressing the existing challenges in doxorubicin detection, our findings underscore the transformative potential of integrating nanotechnology with biosensing applications, ultimately contributing to more effective cancer treatment strategies.</p><p></p>