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<p>The pharmacological characteristics of secondary metabolites and their promising use in agriculture, medicine and industry has attracted immense attention from the scientific community. Glycyrrhizin, a triterpenoid saponin from <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i> (licorice), has also garnered substantial attention due to its diverse range of biological activities and therapeutic potential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of glycyrrhizin and its derivatives, accentuating their pharmacological activities along with their primary mechanisms of action. Glycyrrhizin exhibits notable antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and anticancer activities. All these activities are attributed to its ability to modulate various cellular pathways and immune responses. Its anti-inflammatory effects are primarily facilitated through the inhibition of NF-κB and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, while its antiviral efficacy has been shown to extend to a broad spectrum of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Glycyrrhizin explores anticancer potential through its capacity to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and suppress metastasis. Future studies should be focussed on the development of novel derivatives and formulations, particularly nano-formulations, to enhance efficacy and safety, positioning glycyrrhizin and its derivatives as emerging arsenal candidates in the dominion of natural product-based therapeutics.</p><p></p>

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Glycyrrhizin and its derivatives: an emerging secondary metabolite arsenal of Glycyrrhiza glabra

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Aadil Rasool,
  • Tanveer Ali Dar

摘要

The pharmacological characteristics of secondary metabolites and their promising use in agriculture, medicine and industry has attracted immense attention from the scientific community. Glycyrrhizin, a triterpenoid saponin from Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), has also garnered substantial attention due to its diverse range of biological activities and therapeutic potential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of glycyrrhizin and its derivatives, accentuating their pharmacological activities along with their primary mechanisms of action. Glycyrrhizin exhibits notable antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and anticancer activities. All these activities are attributed to its ability to modulate various cellular pathways and immune responses. Its anti-inflammatory effects are primarily facilitated through the inhibition of NF-κB and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, while its antiviral efficacy has been shown to extend to a broad spectrum of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Glycyrrhizin explores anticancer potential through its capacity to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and suppress metastasis. Future studies should be focussed on the development of novel derivatives and formulations, particularly nano-formulations, to enhance efficacy and safety, positioning glycyrrhizin and its derivatives as emerging arsenal candidates in the dominion of natural product-based therapeutics.