<p>This paper presents a comparative study of experimental, analytical, and numerical results on steady-state temperature distribution in multilayer, two-component structures. The analytical approach uses the local homogenization model (LHM) from tolerance modeling (TM) and the one-dimensional resistance method, with numerical simulations conducted in COMSOL Multiphysics and Mathematica. The study focuses on a periodic structure consisting of six alternating layers of oriented strand board (OSB, 18 mm) and expanded polystyrene (EPS, 20 mm), analyzed within a (0, 228 mm) <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\times $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (0, 240 mm) <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\times $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>×</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (0, 240 mm) domain. Analytical and numerical models show strong convergence for the 1D problem. The LHM predictions reproduce the overall trends but exhibit a systematic shift when compared with the FEM results (the difference is less than <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$0.5 ^{\circ }$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> <msup> <mn>5</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>C for the analyzed structures). This discrepancy does not affect the overall heat flux assessment and can be easily corrected by applying a shape function shifted by <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\eta /2)$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>η</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Experimental measurements conducted in a climate chamber agree well with 3D simulations, with an average deviation of 4.2%. A second structure made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC, 50 mm) and EPS (20 mm) exhibited an average deviation of 6.1% due to imperfect thermal contact between layers. The paper also examines a two-component Functionally Graded Material (FGM) structure designed using the TM method to achieve a target macro-temperature profile.</p>

Thermal analysis of multilayered composite walls: experimental investigation and comparison with tolerance modeling and FEM

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2026年5月22日

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Olga Szlachetka,
Ivan Giorgio

摘要

This paper presents a comparative study of experimental, analytical, and numerical results on steady-state temperature distribution in multilayer, two-component structures. The analytical approach uses the local homogenization model (LHM) from tolerance modeling (TM) and the one-dimensional resistance method, with numerical simulations conducted in COMSOL Multiphysics and Mathematica. The study focuses on a periodic structure consisting of six alternating layers of oriented strand board (OSB, 18 mm) and expanded polystyrene (EPS, 20 mm), analyzed within a (0, 228 mm) $\times $ $\times$ (0, 240 mm) $\times $ $\times$ (0, 240 mm) domain. Analytical and numerical models show strong convergence for the 1D problem. The LHM predictions reproduce the overall trends but exhibit a systematic shift when compared with the FEM results (the difference is less than $0.5 ^{\circ }$ $0 . 5^{\circ}$ C for the analyzed structures). This discrepancy does not affect the overall heat flux assessment and can be easily corrected by applying a shape function shifted by $\eta /2)$ $η / 2)$ . Experimental measurements conducted in a climate chamber agree well with 3D simulations, with an average deviation of 4.2%. A second structure made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC, 50 mm) and EPS (20 mm) exhibited an average deviation of 6.1% due to imperfect thermal contact between layers. The paper also examines a two-component Functionally Graded Material (FGM) structure designed using the TM method to achieve a target macro-temperature profile.