<p>In this paper, we study the following nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Hardy potential and Sobolev critical exponent <Equation ID="Equ82"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -\Delta u-\frac{\mu }{|x|^2}u+\lambda u=|u|^{2^*-2}u+\beta |u|^{q-2}u \quad \quad \text {in} \ \mathbb {R}^N\backslash \{0\}, \ N\ge 3 \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mi>μ</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="true">\</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>having prescribed mass <Equation ID="Equ83"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \int \limits _{\mathbb {R}^N}|u|^2dx=a^2, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <munder> <mo movablelimits="false">∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </munder> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\beta , a&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>β</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0 \ne \mu &lt;\overline{\mu }{:}{=}\frac{(N-2)^2}{4}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≠</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mover> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\in (2, 2+\frac{4}{N})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>4</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the critical Sobolev exponent, and the parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \in \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears as a Lagrange multiplier. When <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0&lt;\mu &lt;\overline{\mu }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mover> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, combining the Pohožaev manifold, deformation lemma and some analytical skills, we get a normalized solution of mountain-pass type for the problem. Moreover, if <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu &lt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we obtain a ground-state radial normalized solution with negative energy and a mountain-pass-type solution with positive energy. We point out that any nontrivial solution of the problem has the possibility of blow-up at the origin, unlike in the case of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu =0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, presenting us with a new obstacle. Our results extend the previous one of Li and Zou (Math. Nachr. (2023)).</p>

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Multiple normalized solutions for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Hardy potential and Sobolev critical case

  • Jin-Cai Kang,
  • Chun-Lei Tang

摘要

In this paper, we study the following nonlinear Schrödinger equation with Hardy potential and Sobolev critical exponent \(\begin{aligned} -\Delta u-\frac{\mu }{|x|^2}u+\lambda u=|u|^{2^*-2}u+\beta |u|^{q-2}u \quad \quad \text {in} \ \mathbb {R}^N\backslash \{0\}, \ N\ge 3 \end{aligned}\) - Δ u - μ | x | 2 u + λ u = | u | 2 - 2 u + β | u | q - 2 u in R N \ { 0 } , N 3 having prescribed mass \(\begin{aligned} \int \limits _{\mathbb {R}^N}|u|^2dx=a^2, \end{aligned}\) R N | u | 2 d x = a 2 , where \(\beta , a>0\) β , a > 0 , \(0 \ne \mu <\overline{\mu }{:}{=}\frac{(N-2)^2}{4}\) 0 μ < μ ¯ : = ( N - 2 ) 2 4 , \(q\in (2, 2+\frac{4}{N})\) q ( 2 , 2 + 4 N ) , \(2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}\) 2 = 2 N N - 2 is the critical Sobolev exponent, and the parameter \(\lambda \in \mathbb {R}\) λ R appears as a Lagrange multiplier. When \(0<\mu <\overline{\mu }\) 0 < μ < μ ¯ , combining the Pohožaev manifold, deformation lemma and some analytical skills, we get a normalized solution of mountain-pass type for the problem. Moreover, if \(\mu <0\) μ < 0 , we obtain a ground-state radial normalized solution with negative energy and a mountain-pass-type solution with positive energy. We point out that any nontrivial solution of the problem has the possibility of blow-up at the origin, unlike in the case of \(\mu =0\) μ = 0 , presenting us with a new obstacle. Our results extend the previous one of Li and Zou (Math. Nachr. (2023)).