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<p>The optical spatiotemporal spherical solitons are investigated under Compton scattering and cross-Kerr nonlinearity. The optical solitons are studied with the variation of deriving field’s Rabi frequency, detuning, decay rates, phases, and Compton angle. Different types of spherical-like spatiotemporal solitons are reported. The soliton types are spheroid, bullet, ellipsoid, C-shape, inverted-C-shape, super ball-like, and oblate-shape solitons with intensity distribution that are reported in different spatial and temporal domains. The optical solitons are elongating in spatial <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2567_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x/\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>λ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and temporal <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2567_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="29" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t/\tau _0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> dimensions, which are propagating along the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2567_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="32" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(z/\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>λ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> direction. These optical spatiotemporal solitons show the different rates of spreading in both spatial <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2567_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="33" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x/\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi>λ</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and temporal <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2567_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="29" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t/\tau _0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msub> <mi>τ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> dimensions and having a high localized profile. The spreading of solitons depends upon the spatial and temporal nonlinearity. The solitons spread more in the direction where the nonlinearity is stronger. When the spatial and temporal nonlinearity balance each other, the solitons spread out in space and time. The obtained result of optical solitons has potential applications in traffic flow, communication technologies, optical sensors and radar technology, ultrafast lasers, and advanced imaging systems.</p>

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Manipulation of optical spherical solitons under Kerr nonlinearity and Compton scattering in atomic medium

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Amir Ali,
  • Walid Emam,
  • Zeeshan Ali,
  • Dragan Pamucar

摘要

The optical spatiotemporal spherical solitons are investigated under Compton scattering and cross-Kerr nonlinearity. The optical solitons are studied with the variation of deriving field’s Rabi frequency, detuning, decay rates, phases, and Compton angle. Different types of spherical-like spatiotemporal solitons are reported. The soliton types are spheroid, bullet, ellipsoid, C-shape, inverted-C-shape, super ball-like, and oblate-shape solitons with intensity distribution that are reported in different spatial and temporal domains. The optical solitons are elongating in spatial \(x/\lambda \) x / λ and temporal \(t/\tau _0\) t / τ 0 dimensions, which are propagating along the \(z/\lambda \) z / λ direction. These optical spatiotemporal solitons show the different rates of spreading in both spatial \(x/\lambda \) x / λ and temporal \(t/\tau _0\) t / τ 0 dimensions and having a high localized profile. The spreading of solitons depends upon the spatial and temporal nonlinearity. The solitons spread more in the direction where the nonlinearity is stronger. When the spatial and temporal nonlinearity balance each other, the solitons spread out in space and time. The obtained result of optical solitons has potential applications in traffic flow, communication technologies, optical sensors and radar technology, ultrafast lasers, and advanced imaging systems.