<p>In this paper, we consider the following chemotaxis-Stokes system with nonlinear doubly degenerate diffusion <Equation ID="Equ103"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_Equ103.gif" Format="GIF" Height="95" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="568" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \partial _{t}n+{{\textbf {u}}}\cdot \nabla n=\nabla \cdot \left( \arrowvert \nabla n^{m}\arrowvert ^{p-2}\nabla n^{m}\right) -\chi \nabla \cdot (n\nabla c) +n(r-\mu n^{\delta }),&amp; (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \partial _{t}c+{{\textbf {u}}}\cdot \nabla c=\Delta c-nc,&amp; (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \partial _{t}{{\textbf {u}}}=\Delta {{\textbf {u}}}+\nabla P+n\nabla \varPhi ,&amp; (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \nabla \cdot {{\textbf {u}}}=0,&amp; (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">u</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mi>χ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mi>δ</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>c</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">u</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi mathvariant="bold">u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi mathvariant="bold">u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>P</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>Φ</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="bold">u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="115" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Q=\Omega \times (0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="52" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a smoothly bounded convex domain, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m\geqslant 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\geqslant 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>χ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(r\in {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta &gt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Under the conditions of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\delta &gt;\frac{3}{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m\geqslant 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\geqslant 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>⩾</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> satisfying <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2541_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="33" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="246" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p&gt;\min \left\{ \frac{\left( 2\,m+4 \right) \delta +2-m}{\left( 2\delta -1\right) \left( m+1 \right) },\frac{2\left( \delta +m+1 \right) \delta }{\left( 2\delta +3 \right) \left( \delta -1 \right) } \right\} \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mo movablelimits="true">min</mo> <mfenced close="}" open="{"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mfenced> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>2</mn> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> <mi>δ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>2</mn> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>δ</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mfenced> </mrow> </mfrac> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, it is shown that there exists a global bounded weak solution to the corresponding initial boundary problem.</p>

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Global weak solutions in a 3D chemotaxis-Stokes system with doubly degenerate diffusion

  • Changting Zhuang,
  • Pan Zheng

摘要

In this paper, we consider the following chemotaxis-Stokes system with nonlinear doubly degenerate diffusion \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \partial _{t}n+{{\textbf {u}}}\cdot \nabla n=\nabla \cdot \left( \arrowvert \nabla n^{m}\arrowvert ^{p-2}\nabla n^{m}\right) -\chi \nabla \cdot (n\nabla c) +n(r-\mu n^{\delta }),& (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \partial _{t}c+{{\textbf {u}}}\cdot \nabla c=\Delta c-nc,& (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \partial _{t}{{\textbf {u}}}=\Delta {{\textbf {u}}}+\nabla P+n\nabla \varPhi ,& (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \nabla \cdot {{\textbf {u}}}=0,& (x,t)\in Q, \quad \\ \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) t n + u · n = · | n m | p - 2 n m - χ · ( n c ) + n ( r - μ n δ ) , ( x , t ) Q , t c + u · c = Δ c - n c , ( x , t ) Q , t u = Δ u + P + n Φ , ( x , t ) Q , · u = 0 , ( x , t ) Q , where \(Q=\Omega \times (0,\infty )\) Q = Ω × ( 0 , ) , \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^{3}\) Ω R 3 is a smoothly bounded convex domain, \(m\geqslant 1\) m 1 , \(p\geqslant 2\) p 2 , \(\chi >0\) χ > 0 , \(r\in {\mathbb {R}}\) r R , \(\mu >0\) μ > 0 and \(\delta >1\) δ > 1 . Under the conditions of \(\delta >\frac{3}{2}\) δ > 3 2 , \(m\geqslant 1\) m 1 and \(p\geqslant 2\) p 2 satisfying \(p>\min \left\{ \frac{\left( 2\,m+4 \right) \delta +2-m}{\left( 2\delta -1\right) \left( m+1 \right) },\frac{2\left( \delta +m+1 \right) \delta }{\left( 2\delta +3 \right) \left( \delta -1 \right) } \right\} \) p > min 2 m + 4 δ + 2 - m 2 δ - 1 m + 1 , 2 δ + m + 1 δ 2 δ + 3 δ - 1 , it is shown that there exists a global bounded weak solution to the corresponding initial boundary problem.