<p>In this paper, we investigate the global existence of classical solution to the following parabolic–parabolic–parabolic chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity <Equation ID="Equ1"> <EquationNumber>0.1</EquationNumber> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_Equ1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="116" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="503" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=\Delta u-\chi _1\nabla \cdot (\frac{u}{w}\nabla w)+f_1(u,v), &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ v_t=\Delta v-\chi _2\nabla \cdot (\frac{v}{w}\nabla w)+f_2(u,v), &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ w_t=\Delta w-w+u+v, &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ \frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu }=\frac{\partial v}{\partial \nu }=\frac{\partial w}{\partial \nu }=0, &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \partial \Omega ,\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),~~v(0,x)=v_0(x),~~w(0,x)=w_0(x), &amp; x\in \Omega , \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>u</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mfrac> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>v</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mfrac> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>w</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="116" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N(N\ge 1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded smooth domain, and the parameters <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi _1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are positive constants, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="123" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_1,f_2\in C^1[0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> satisfy <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="297" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_1(u,v)+f_2(u,v)\le a(u+v)-b(u+v)^\gamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>a</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>γ</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a\ge 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(b,\gamma &gt;0.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> We prove that the problem (<InternalRef RefID="Equ1">0.1</InternalRef>) possesses a global and classical solution as long as <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2447_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma &gt;2.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation></p>

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Global existence of classical solutions to a fully parabolic two-species chemotaxis model with singular sensitivity

  • Weiyi Zhang,
  • Ming Xu

摘要

In this paper, we investigate the global existence of classical solution to the following parabolic–parabolic–parabolic chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity 0.1 \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=\Delta u-\chi _1\nabla \cdot (\frac{u}{w}\nabla w)+f_1(u,v), & t>0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ v_t=\Delta v-\chi _2\nabla \cdot (\frac{v}{w}\nabla w)+f_2(u,v), & t>0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ w_t=\Delta w-w+u+v, & t>0,~x\in \Omega ,\\ \frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu }=\frac{\partial v}{\partial \nu }=\frac{\partial w}{\partial \nu }=0, & t>0,~x\in \partial \Omega ,\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),~~v(0,x)=v_0(x),~~w(0,x)=w_0(x), & x\in \Omega , \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) u t = Δ u - χ 1 · ( u w w ) + f 1 ( u , v ) , t > 0 , x Ω , v t = Δ v - χ 2 · ( v w w ) + f 2 ( u , v ) , t > 0 , x Ω , w t = Δ w - w + u + v , t > 0 , x Ω , u ν = v ν = w ν = 0 , t > 0 , x Ω , u ( 0 , x ) = u 0 ( x ) , v ( 0 , x ) = v 0 ( x ) , w ( 0 , x ) = w 0 ( x ) , x Ω , where \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N(N\ge 1)\) Ω R N ( N 1 ) is a bounded smooth domain, and the parameters \(\chi _1\) χ 1 and \(\chi _2\) χ 2 are positive constants, \(f_1,f_2\in C^1[0,\infty )\) f 1 , f 2 C 1 [ 0 , ) satisfy \(f_1(u,v)+f_2(u,v)\le a(u+v)-b(u+v)^\gamma \) f 1 ( u , v ) + f 2 ( u , v ) a ( u + v ) - b ( u + v ) γ with \(a\ge 0\) a 0 and \(b,\gamma >0.\) b , γ > 0 . We prove that the problem (0.1) possesses a global and classical solution as long as \(\gamma >2.\) γ > 2 .