<p>The goal of this work is to investigate the existence of saddle solutions for the following class of elliptic partial differential equations of the Allen–Cahn type <Equation ID="Equ99"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="32_2025_418_Article_Equ99.gif" Format="GIF" Height="54" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="364" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -div\left( \frac{\nabla u}{\sqrt{1+|\nabla u|^2}}\right) + A(x,y)V'(u)=0~~\text { in }~~\mathbb {R}^2, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where the differential operator is the classical prescribed mean curvature operator. Here, the function <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="32_2025_418_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="82" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(A:\mathbb {R}^2\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> exhibits periodicity in all its arguments, while <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="32_2025_418_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="77" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> characterizes a double-well symmetric potential with global minima at <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="32_2025_418_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="56" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t=\pm \alpha \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>±</mo> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Saddle Solutions for Allen–Cahn Type Equations Involving the Prescribed Mean Curvature Operator

  • Renan J. S. Isneri,
  • César E. Torres Ledesma

摘要

The goal of this work is to investigate the existence of saddle solutions for the following class of elliptic partial differential equations of the Allen–Cahn type \(\begin{aligned} -div\left( \frac{\nabla u}{\sqrt{1+|\nabla u|^2}}\right) + A(x,y)V'(u)=0~~\text { in }~~\mathbb {R}^2, \end{aligned}\) - d i v u 1 + | u | 2 + A ( x , y ) V ( u ) = 0 in R 2 , where the differential operator is the classical prescribed mean curvature operator. Here, the function \(A:\mathbb {R}^2\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\) A : R 2 R exhibits periodicity in all its arguments, while \(V:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\) V : R R characterizes a double-well symmetric potential with global minima at \(t=\pm \alpha \) t = ± α .