<p>Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G=G_{n}=GL(n)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\times n\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> complex general linear group and embed <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G_{n-1}=GL(n-1)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the top left hand corner of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The standard Borel subgroup of upper triangular matrices <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(B_{n-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G_{n-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> acts on the flag variety <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {B}_{n}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with finitely many orbits. In this paper, we show that each <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(B_{n-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-orbit is the intersection of orbits of two Borel subgroups of <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> acting on <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {B}_{n}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This allows us to give a new combinatorial description of the <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(B_{n-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-orbits on <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {B}_{n}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by associating to each orbit a pair of Weyl group elements. The closure relations for the <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(B_{n-1}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-orbits can then be understood in terms of the Bruhat order on the symmetric group, and the Richardson-Springer monoid action on the orbits can be understood in terms of a well-understood monoid action on the symmetric group. This approach makes the closure relation more transparent than in Magyar (J. Algebraic Combin&#xa0;21:71–101, <CitationRef CitationID="CR8">2005</CitationRef>) and the monoid action significantly more computable than in our papers (Colarusso and Evens, J. Algebra&#xa0;596:128–154, <CitationRef CitationID="CR2">2022</CitationRef>) and (Colarusso and Evens, J. Algebra&#xa0;619:249–297, <CitationRef CitationID="CR3">2023</CitationRef>), and also allows us to obtain new information about the orbits including a simple formula for the dimension of an orbit.</p>

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\(B_{n-1}\)-orbits on the Flag Variety and the Bruhat Graph of the Symmetric Group

  • Mark Colarusso,
  • Sam Evens

摘要

Let \(G=G_{n}=GL(n)\) be the \(n\times n\) complex general linear group and embed \(G_{n-1}=GL(n-1)\) in the top left hand corner of \(G\) . The standard Borel subgroup of upper triangular matrices \(B_{n-1}\) of \(G_{n-1}\) acts on the flag variety \(\mathcal {B}_{n}\) of \(G\) with finitely many orbits. In this paper, we show that each \(B_{n-1}\) -orbit is the intersection of orbits of two Borel subgroups of \(G\) acting on \(\mathcal {B}_{n}\) . This allows us to give a new combinatorial description of the \(B_{n-1}\) -orbits on \(\mathcal {B}_{n}\) by associating to each orbit a pair of Weyl group elements. The closure relations for the \(B_{n-1}\) -orbits can then be understood in terms of the Bruhat order on the symmetric group, and the Richardson-Springer monoid action on the orbits can be understood in terms of a well-understood monoid action on the symmetric group. This approach makes the closure relation more transparent than in Magyar (J. Algebraic Combin 21:71–101, 2005) and the monoid action significantly more computable than in our papers (Colarusso and Evens, J. Algebra 596:128–154, 2022) and (Colarusso and Evens, J. Algebra 619:249–297, 2023), and also allows us to obtain new information about the orbits including a simple formula for the dimension of an orbit.