<p>This paper is concerned with the study of the following double phase equation with logarithmic nonlinearity <Equation ID="Equ27"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned}&amp;-\operatorname {div}\left( |\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u+\mu (x) |\nabla u|^{q-2}\nabla u\right) + |u|^{p-2}u+\mu (x) |u|^{q-2}u \\&amp;=K_{1}(x)|u|^{p^*-2}u+\lambda K_{2}(x)|u|^{r-2}u\log (|u|)\quad \text {in } \mathbb {R}^N, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>div</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>log</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>with dimension <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1&lt;p&lt;q&lt;N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu :\mathbb {R}^{N}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a Lipschitz continuous function and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\max \{p,N(p-1)/(N-p)\}&lt;r&lt;p^*=Np/(N-p)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo movablelimits="true">max</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msup> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Here, the weight function <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is positive, while <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> may change sign on <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^{N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. By a different variational approach, we prove an existence result which in some aspects improves our contribution in [A. Bahrouni, A. Fiscella, P. Winkert, J. Math. Anal. Appl. <b>547</b> (2025), no. 2, Paper No. 129311, 24 pp.]. For this, we need some restrictive assumptions on the weights <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu (\cdot )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>·</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Gain and loss on critical logarithmic double phase equations

  • Anouar Bahrouni,
  • Alessio Fiscella,
  • Patrick Winkert

摘要

This paper is concerned with the study of the following double phase equation with logarithmic nonlinearity \(\begin{aligned}&-\operatorname {div}\left( |\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u+\mu (x) |\nabla u|^{q-2}\nabla u\right) + |u|^{p-2}u+\mu (x) |u|^{q-2}u \\&=K_{1}(x)|u|^{p^*-2}u+\lambda K_{2}(x)|u|^{r-2}u\log (|u|)\quad \text {in } \mathbb {R}^N, \end{aligned}\) - div | u | p - 2 u + μ ( x ) | u | q - 2 u + | u | p - 2 u + μ ( x ) | u | q - 2 u = K 1 ( x ) | u | p - 2 u + λ K 2 ( x ) | u | r - 2 u log ( | u | ) in R N , with dimension \(N\ge 2\) N 2 , parameter \(\lambda >0\) λ > 0 , \(1<p<q<N\) 1 < p < q < N , \(\mu :\mathbb {R}^{N}\rightarrow [0,\infty )\) μ : R N [ 0 , ) is a Lipschitz continuous function and \(\max \{p,N(p-1)/(N-p)\}<r<p^*=Np/(N-p)\) max { p , N ( p - 1 ) / ( N - p ) } < r < p = N p / ( N - p ) . Here, the weight function \(K_1\) K 1 is positive, while \(K_2\) K 2 may change sign on \(\mathbb {R}^{N}\) R N . By a different variational approach, we prove an existence result which in some aspects improves our contribution in [A. Bahrouni, A. Fiscella, P. Winkert, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 547 (2025), no. 2, Paper No. 129311, 24 pp.]. For this, we need some restrictive assumptions on the weights \(\mu (\cdot )\) μ ( · ) , \(K_1\) K 1 and \(K_2\) K 2 .