<p>We study the fourth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations <Equation ID="Equ17"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_Equ17.gif" Format="GIF" Height="43" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="279" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{c} i\partial _{t}u+\frac{1}{2}\partial _{x}^{2}u-\frac{1}{4}\partial _{x}^{4}u=t^{\nu }\overline{u}^{3},\,\,t\textbf{,}x\in \mathbb {R}, \\ u\left( 0,x\right) =u_{0}\left( x\right) ,\,\,x\in \mathbb {R}, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <msub> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>∂</mi> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>4</mn> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>∂</mi> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </msup> <msup> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="84" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0\le \nu &lt;\frac{1}{16},\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>16</mn> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> the initial data <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(u_{0}\left( x\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are odd. Nonlinearities of the form <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="30" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(t^{\nu }\overline{u}^{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>t</mi> <mi>ν</mi> </msup> <msup> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are expected to be subcritical,&#xa0; in the sense that the asymptotic behavior of solutions are different from that of the linear problem. We prove that this is not true under the conditions such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1053_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="78" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0\le \nu &lt;\frac{1}{16}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>16</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the case of the initial data are the odd functions.</p>

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Global existence of odd solutions for the cubic fourth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations

  • Nakao Hayashi,
  • Pavel I. Naumkin

摘要

We study the fourth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{c} i\partial _{t}u+\frac{1}{2}\partial _{x}^{2}u-\frac{1}{4}\partial _{x}^{4}u=t^{\nu }\overline{u}^{3},\,\,t\textbf{,}x\in \mathbb {R}, \\ u\left( 0,x\right) =u_{0}\left( x\right) ,\,\,x\in \mathbb {R}, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) i t u + 1 2 x 2 u - 1 4 x 4 u = t ν u ¯ 3 , t , x R , u 0 , x = u 0 x , x R , where \(0\le \nu <\frac{1}{16},\) 0 ν < 1 16 , the initial data \(u_{0}\left( x\right) \) u 0 x are odd. Nonlinearities of the form \(t^{\nu }\overline{u}^{3}\) t ν u ¯ 3 with \(\nu >0\) ν > 0 are expected to be subcritical,  in the sense that the asymptotic behavior of solutions are different from that of the linear problem. We prove that this is not true under the conditions such that \(0\le \nu <\frac{1}{16}\) 0 ν < 1 16 in the case of the initial data are the odd functions.