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<p>The Lishui River, one of the Yangtze River’s major tributaries, is essential for sustaining fish diversity and supporting the replenishment of fish resources throughout the Yangtze River ecosystem. However, the characteristics of the fish community in the Lishui River Basin have not been comprehensively evaluated. This study compared traditional morphological methods with environmental DNA metabarcoding (eDNA) to assess differences in fish communities, evaluate the efficacy of eDNA methodology, and analyze the fish community of the Lishui River Basin in April 2023 (spring) and September 2023 (autumn). Cyprinidae was the dominant family detected by both methods, accounting for 42.86% and 30.77% of the total identified species using the traditional method and eDNA method, respectively. The traditional method identified 35 species, while eDNA detected 52 species, indicating a significantly higher species richness detected by eDNA (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Across both sampling periods, eDNA identified a total of 82 species belonging to eight orders and 18 families. During spring, 52 species were found, with Cyprinidae comprising 30.77%. <i>Rhinogobius similis</i> was the dominant species, with a relative abundance of 53.82% and a Shannon diversity index of 1.88. In the autumn, 56 species were identified, with Cyprinidae accounting for 26.79% of the total. <i>Cyprinus rubrofuscus</i> had the highest relative abundance at 29.96%, and the Shannon diversity index was 2.63. These findings suggest that Cyprinidae consistently represented the largest proportion of species in both seasons, with higher species richness and diversity observed in autumn compared with spring, and with different dominant species characterizing each period. This study provides valuable insights for the conservation and management of fish resources in the Lishui River Basin, while also further confirming the feasibility of the eDNA method for fish biodiversity monitoring in the freshwater ecosystem.</p>

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Estimating fish diversity and distribution using environmental DNA metabarcoding in a major tributary of the Yangtze River, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Zenghui Peng,
  • Lin Shi,
  • Yuqing Zhang,
  • Ziteng Wang,
  • Yapeng Hui,
  • Shilong Feng,
  • Fenfen Ji,
  • Dongsu Chen

摘要

The Lishui River, one of the Yangtze River’s major tributaries, is essential for sustaining fish diversity and supporting the replenishment of fish resources throughout the Yangtze River ecosystem. However, the characteristics of the fish community in the Lishui River Basin have not been comprehensively evaluated. This study compared traditional morphological methods with environmental DNA metabarcoding (eDNA) to assess differences in fish communities, evaluate the efficacy of eDNA methodology, and analyze the fish community of the Lishui River Basin in April 2023 (spring) and September 2023 (autumn). Cyprinidae was the dominant family detected by both methods, accounting for 42.86% and 30.77% of the total identified species using the traditional method and eDNA method, respectively. The traditional method identified 35 species, while eDNA detected 52 species, indicating a significantly higher species richness detected by eDNA (P < 0.05). Across both sampling periods, eDNA identified a total of 82 species belonging to eight orders and 18 families. During spring, 52 species were found, with Cyprinidae comprising 30.77%. Rhinogobius similis was the dominant species, with a relative abundance of 53.82% and a Shannon diversity index of 1.88. In the autumn, 56 species were identified, with Cyprinidae accounting for 26.79% of the total. Cyprinus rubrofuscus had the highest relative abundance at 29.96%, and the Shannon diversity index was 2.63. These findings suggest that Cyprinidae consistently represented the largest proportion of species in both seasons, with higher species richness and diversity observed in autumn compared with spring, and with different dominant species characterizing each period. This study provides valuable insights for the conservation and management of fish resources in the Lishui River Basin, while also further confirming the feasibility of the eDNA method for fish biodiversity monitoring in the freshwater ecosystem.