<p>In the paper we prove asymptotic estimates for sequences of linear positive operators on the space <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. A sample result: Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_{n}:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \left[ 0,\infty \right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="["> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be a sequence of even continuous <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2\pi \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-periodic functions such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{1}{ 2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) dt=1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mi>π</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>t</mi> </mfenced> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for all <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and let <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V_{n}:C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \rightarrow C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mfenced> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the operator defined by <Equation ID="Equ11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} &amp; V_{n}\left( f\right) \left( x_{1},...,x_{k}\right) =\frac{1}{\left( 2\pi \right) ^{k}}\int _{\left[ -\pi ,\pi \right] ^{k}}f\left( x_{1}-t_{1},...,x_{k}-t_{k}\right) \\ &amp; \quad K_{n}\left( t_{1}\right) \cdot \cdot \cdot K_{n}\left( t_{k}\right) dt_{1}\cdot \cdot \cdot dt_{k}. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>f</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mfenced> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mfrac> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mo>-</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mfenced> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </msub> <mi>f</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfenced> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mfenced> <mo>·</mo> <mo>·</mo> <mo>·</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mfenced> <mi>d</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>·</mo> <mo>·</mo> <mo>·</mo> <mi>d</mi> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>Then the following assertions are equivalent: (i) <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lim \nolimits _{n\rightarrow \infty }\frac{1-\rho _{n,2}}{1-\rho _{n,1}}=4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo movablelimits="true">lim</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ; <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _{n,1}=\frac{1}{2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) \cos tdt\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mi>π</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>t</mi> </mfenced> <mo>cos</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rho _{n,2}=\frac{1}{2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) \cos 2tdt\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <msubsup> <mo>∫</mo> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> <mi>π</mi> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>t</mi> </mfenced> <mo>cos</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>t</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. (ii) For every <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x\in \mathbb {R}^{k}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and every <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb { R}^{k}\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>π</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> twice differentiable at <i>x</i> we have <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lim \nolimits _{n \rightarrow \infty }\frac{V_{n}\left( f\right) \left( x\right) -f\left( x\right) }{1-\rho _{n,1}}=\Delta f\left( x\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mo movablelimits="true">lim</mo> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>f</mi> </mfenced> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>ρ</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>f</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>x</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the Laplacian.</p>

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Asymptotic Estimates for the Sequences of the Operators on the Space of Multivariate Periodic Functions

  • Dumitru Popa

摘要

In the paper we prove asymptotic estimates for sequences of linear positive operators on the space \(C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \) C 2 π R k . A sample result: Let \(K_{n}:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \left[ 0,\infty \right) \) K n : R 0 , be a sequence of even continuous \(2\pi \) 2 π -periodic functions such that \(\frac{1}{ 2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) dt=1\) 1 2 π - π π K n t d t = 1 for all \(n\in \mathbb {N}\) n N and let \(V_{n}:C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \rightarrow C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb {R}^{k}\right) \) V n : C 2 π R k C 2 π R k be the operator defined by \(\begin{aligned} & V_{n}\left( f\right) \left( x_{1},...,x_{k}\right) =\frac{1}{\left( 2\pi \right) ^{k}}\int _{\left[ -\pi ,\pi \right] ^{k}}f\left( x_{1}-t_{1},...,x_{k}-t_{k}\right) \\ & \quad K_{n}\left( t_{1}\right) \cdot \cdot \cdot K_{n}\left( t_{k}\right) dt_{1}\cdot \cdot \cdot dt_{k}. \end{aligned}\) V n f x 1 , . . . , x k = 1 2 π k - π , π k f x 1 - t 1 , . . . , x k - t k K n t 1 · · · K n t k d t 1 · · · d t k . Then the following assertions are equivalent: (i) \(\lim \nolimits _{n\rightarrow \infty }\frac{1-\rho _{n,2}}{1-\rho _{n,1}}=4\) lim n 1 - ρ n , 2 1 - ρ n , 1 = 4 ; \(\rho _{n,1}=\frac{1}{2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) \cos tdt\) ρ n , 1 = 1 2 π - π π K n t cos t d t , \(\rho _{n,2}=\frac{1}{2\pi }\int _{-\pi }^{\pi }K_{n}\left( t\right) \cos 2tdt\) ρ n , 2 = 1 2 π - π π K n t cos 2 t d t . (ii) For every \(x\in \mathbb {R}^{k}\) x R k and every \(f\in C_{2\pi }\left( \mathbb { R}^{k}\right) \) f C 2 π R k twice differentiable at x we have \(\lim \nolimits _{n \rightarrow \infty }\frac{V_{n}\left( f\right) \left( x\right) -f\left( x\right) }{1-\rho _{n,1}}=\Delta f\left( x\right) \) lim n V n f x - f x 1 - ρ n , 1 = Δ f x , where \(\Delta \) Δ is the Laplacian.