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<p>Improper disposal of municipal solid waste is a major source of soil and groundwater contamination, posing risks to ecosystems and public health. In this context, continuous and low-impact monitoring techniques are essential for tracking contaminant plume evolution around landfill sites. This study aims to evaluate the temporal evolution of a leachate-contamination plume at the Bauru Municipal Landfill (São Paulo State, Brazil) by integrating geoelectrical and hydrochemical data collected at different times. The analysis combines Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data obtained in 2008 using the direct-current (DC) method with new surveys conducted in 2022 using capacitive resistivity (CR), which allows resistivity measurements without electrode insertion and enables rapid, minimally invasive data acquisition. These geophysical datasets were integrated with groundwater chemical analyses from 2006 and 2023, focusing on electrical conductivity and major dissolved ions. The results reveal an expansion of low-resistivity zones beyond the landfill boundaries, preferentially in the east–northwest direction, consistent with regional groundwater flow. Time-lapse comparison indicates an increase in the spatial extent and intensity of conductive anomalies between 2008 and 2022, accompanied by significant rises in chloride and major cation concentrations (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Ca<sup>2+</sup>), confirming the progressive influence of leachate migration within the aquifer. These findings demonstrate that leachate impact has not only persisted after landfill closure but has intensified over time. The strong agreement between geoelectrical and hydrochemical data highlights the robustness of the integrated approach for long-term environmental monitoring. In addition, the CR method proved to be particularly suitable for repeated surveys due to its operational efficiency and reduced surface disturbance, supporting its application in routine monitoring programs and in the assessment of containment system performance and remediation strategies.</p>

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Temporal Analysis of the Contamination Plume from the Bauru Landfill

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Marina Fernandes Sanches Barros,
  • Mariana Barbosa Juarez,
  • Andrea Teixeira Ustra,
  • Heraldo Luiz Giacheti,
  • Marcelo Cesar Stangari,
  • Vagner Roberto Elis

摘要

Improper disposal of municipal solid waste is a major source of soil and groundwater contamination, posing risks to ecosystems and public health. In this context, continuous and low-impact monitoring techniques are essential for tracking contaminant plume evolution around landfill sites. This study aims to evaluate the temporal evolution of a leachate-contamination plume at the Bauru Municipal Landfill (São Paulo State, Brazil) by integrating geoelectrical and hydrochemical data collected at different times. The analysis combines Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data obtained in 2008 using the direct-current (DC) method with new surveys conducted in 2022 using capacitive resistivity (CR), which allows resistivity measurements without electrode insertion and enables rapid, minimally invasive data acquisition. These geophysical datasets were integrated with groundwater chemical analyses from 2006 and 2023, focusing on electrical conductivity and major dissolved ions. The results reveal an expansion of low-resistivity zones beyond the landfill boundaries, preferentially in the east–northwest direction, consistent with regional groundwater flow. Time-lapse comparison indicates an increase in the spatial extent and intensity of conductive anomalies between 2008 and 2022, accompanied by significant rises in chloride and major cation concentrations (Na+, K+, and Ca2+), confirming the progressive influence of leachate migration within the aquifer. These findings demonstrate that leachate impact has not only persisted after landfill closure but has intensified over time. The strong agreement between geoelectrical and hydrochemical data highlights the robustness of the integrated approach for long-term environmental monitoring. In addition, the CR method proved to be particularly suitable for repeated surveys due to its operational efficiency and reduced surface disturbance, supporting its application in routine monitoring programs and in the assessment of containment system performance and remediation strategies.