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<p>Faults or fractures slip can be induced by stress perturbations originating from the dynamic events (e.g., earthquake, rockburst and mechanical vibration, etc.), however, how the stress perturbations affect the subsequent fault slip after the slip has started remains elusive. Here, we explored the influence of stress perturbation frequency, amplitude and static stress level on the slip behaviors (e.g., fault reactivation, deformation and slip velocity) of saw-cut bare granite faults by triaxial loading tests, and we also examined the damage characteristics of post-shear fault surfaces. Results show that fault slips can be induced by the sudden application of stress perturbations at a static stress level lower than the ultimate strength of the fault. Three slip modes (i.e., interlocked after initial perturbation slip, interlocked after initial perturbation slip and then reactivated again, and fault activated immediately at the sudden application of the perturbation) were observed during different stress perturbations, the type of which is related to the intensity of frequency, amplitude and static stress level. The slip velocity at the sudden application of perturbation is positively related to the oscillation frequency, while it is less correlated with the amplitude of perturbation. The higher static stress level before stress perturbation will more easily trigger the instability slip (i.e., stick-slips). Fault self-stabilization occurs after the initial perturbation slip under slight stress perturbation (i.e., frequency of 0.2&#xa0;Hz and amplitude of 20&#xa0;MPa), during which the slip velocity decreases following the power law with continued perturbation, and the faults were gradually interlocked with no slip. The increased surface roughness and loading shear stiffness due to the damage of the post-shear fault surfaces during perturbation are beneficial to the fault self-stabilization. The findings from the present study will help to understand the triggering mechanisms of geohazards such as triggering seismicity and fault-slip rockbursts due to stress perturbation in deep tunneling and mining.</p>

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Slip Behaviors of Granite Fault Under Stress Perturbation: An Experimental Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Zhanguo Xiu,
  • Fanzhen Meng,
  • Xiong Zhou,
  • Zhufeng Yue,
  • Feili Wang,
  • Muzi Li,
  • Jianhua Han,
  • Dawei Hu

摘要

Faults or fractures slip can be induced by stress perturbations originating from the dynamic events (e.g., earthquake, rockburst and mechanical vibration, etc.), however, how the stress perturbations affect the subsequent fault slip after the slip has started remains elusive. Here, we explored the influence of stress perturbation frequency, amplitude and static stress level on the slip behaviors (e.g., fault reactivation, deformation and slip velocity) of saw-cut bare granite faults by triaxial loading tests, and we also examined the damage characteristics of post-shear fault surfaces. Results show that fault slips can be induced by the sudden application of stress perturbations at a static stress level lower than the ultimate strength of the fault. Three slip modes (i.e., interlocked after initial perturbation slip, interlocked after initial perturbation slip and then reactivated again, and fault activated immediately at the sudden application of the perturbation) were observed during different stress perturbations, the type of which is related to the intensity of frequency, amplitude and static stress level. The slip velocity at the sudden application of perturbation is positively related to the oscillation frequency, while it is less correlated with the amplitude of perturbation. The higher static stress level before stress perturbation will more easily trigger the instability slip (i.e., stick-slips). Fault self-stabilization occurs after the initial perturbation slip under slight stress perturbation (i.e., frequency of 0.2 Hz and amplitude of 20 MPa), during which the slip velocity decreases following the power law with continued perturbation, and the faults were gradually interlocked with no slip. The increased surface roughness and loading shear stiffness due to the damage of the post-shear fault surfaces during perturbation are beneficial to the fault self-stabilization. The findings from the present study will help to understand the triggering mechanisms of geohazards such as triggering seismicity and fault-slip rockbursts due to stress perturbation in deep tunneling and mining.