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<p>Although the Chinese government's implementation of strict emission reduction policies has yielded remarkable results, Anhui Province in east-central China continues to experience heavy PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution (HPP) every winter. To investigate the causes of HPP in Anhui, multisource data are comprehensively analysed and numerical modelling is performed to reveal the spatiotemporal distribution and formation mechanisms of HPP days, with a particular focus on clarifying the role of mountainous terrain. With January 2019 as a case study, we assess and quantify the contributions of Mount Dabie (Mt. DB) in western Anhui and the mountains in southern Anhui (Mt. SA) to HPP events. The distribution characteristics of the HPP days and temporal evolution of HPP episodes in January 2019 reveal the strong influence of topography. Two high-risk areas are identified: the northwest area, which is primarily affected by regional pollutant transport and limited precipitation, and the southwest area, where the topography of Mt. DB enhances atmospheric convergence and reduces the number of precipitation hours, with an additional influence from regional transport. On HPP days, Mt. SA is associated with an increased PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration to the northeast by 8.5% but a decreased PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration to the south. Mt. DB is associated with an increased PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration to the northeast (part of the northwest high-risk area) by 11% and to the southeast (part of the southwest high-risk area) by 9.1%. Our findings highlight the synergetic effect of adverse meteorological conditions and mountainous terrain, providing a critical reference for air pollution forecasting in east-central China.</p>

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Amplification Effects of Mountainous Terrain on PM2.5 Pollution in Winter in Anhui Province, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Chune Shi,
  • Liying Zhao,
  • Guanying Yang,
  • Xiaoyun Sun,
  • Zhuang Wang,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Yanyu Lu,
  • Jin Zhai,
  • Qian Zhao,
  • Hongqun Zhang,
  • Qizhong Wu

摘要

Although the Chinese government's implementation of strict emission reduction policies has yielded remarkable results, Anhui Province in east-central China continues to experience heavy PM2.5 pollution (HPP) every winter. To investigate the causes of HPP in Anhui, multisource data are comprehensively analysed and numerical modelling is performed to reveal the spatiotemporal distribution and formation mechanisms of HPP days, with a particular focus on clarifying the role of mountainous terrain. With January 2019 as a case study, we assess and quantify the contributions of Mount Dabie (Mt. DB) in western Anhui and the mountains in southern Anhui (Mt. SA) to HPP events. The distribution characteristics of the HPP days and temporal evolution of HPP episodes in January 2019 reveal the strong influence of topography. Two high-risk areas are identified: the northwest area, which is primarily affected by regional pollutant transport and limited precipitation, and the southwest area, where the topography of Mt. DB enhances atmospheric convergence and reduces the number of precipitation hours, with an additional influence from regional transport. On HPP days, Mt. SA is associated with an increased PM2.5 concentration to the northeast by 8.5% but a decreased PM2.5 concentration to the south. Mt. DB is associated with an increased PM2.5 concentration to the northeast (part of the northwest high-risk area) by 11% and to the southeast (part of the southwest high-risk area) by 9.1%. Our findings highlight the synergetic effect of adverse meteorological conditions and mountainous terrain, providing a critical reference for air pollution forecasting in east-central China.