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<p>The unclear progressive failure mechanism for locked segment rock masses are critical challenges that restrict safety control in deep engineering. This study systematically investigated the effects of locked segment size, quantity and spatial distribution on acoustic emission (AE) responses and mechanical behaviors of rocks under compression. Results demonstrated that the size of locked segments governed its failure stages via stress barrier effects. Its instability process triggered two distinct stress drops, each accompanied by a surge of AE ringing counts, and the secondary surge was usually identified as a precursor to catastrophic failure of rocks. Furthermore, multiple locked segments exhibited collaborative failure through the stepwise evolution of cracks. During its failure process, the stress redistribution caused phased energy release and transformed AE responses from single-peak patterns to dual-stage active modes. The spatial arrangement of locked segments reorganized its principal stress fields, that segments in lower positions promoted cross-layer cracks propagation, while those in upper positions altered cracks growth trajectories. Moreover, a significant spatial correlation was observed between clusters of AE events and the paths of cracks propagation. These findings can provide theoretical and technical foundations for early warning of instabilities and proactive reinforcement in deep rock masses, thereby demonstrating considerable engineering significance for preventing locked segment disasters.</p>

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Experimental Study on AE Response and Mechanical Behavior of Rocks Containing Prefabricated Locked Segment Structure with Different Size, Quantity and Spatial Distribution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Ansen Gao,
  • Chengzhi Qi,
  • Jinglong Li,
  • Chunlai Wang,
  • Kuan Jiang,
  • Zhen Wei

摘要

The unclear progressive failure mechanism for locked segment rock masses are critical challenges that restrict safety control in deep engineering. This study systematically investigated the effects of locked segment size, quantity and spatial distribution on acoustic emission (AE) responses and mechanical behaviors of rocks under compression. Results demonstrated that the size of locked segments governed its failure stages via stress barrier effects. Its instability process triggered two distinct stress drops, each accompanied by a surge of AE ringing counts, and the secondary surge was usually identified as a precursor to catastrophic failure of rocks. Furthermore, multiple locked segments exhibited collaborative failure through the stepwise evolution of cracks. During its failure process, the stress redistribution caused phased energy release and transformed AE responses from single-peak patterns to dual-stage active modes. The spatial arrangement of locked segments reorganized its principal stress fields, that segments in lower positions promoted cross-layer cracks propagation, while those in upper positions altered cracks growth trajectories. Moreover, a significant spatial correlation was observed between clusters of AE events and the paths of cracks propagation. These findings can provide theoretical and technical foundations for early warning of instabilities and proactive reinforcement in deep rock masses, thereby demonstrating considerable engineering significance for preventing locked segment disasters.