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<p>Resonance Seismometry is one of the allowed techniques the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) may apply during the continuation period of an On-Site Inspection (OSI). However, the technique is only vaguely defined. The intent is to analyse seismic signals (earthquakes, active sources and noise) to detect wavefield disturbances indicative of a cavity or rubble zone caused by an underground nuclear explosion (UNE). We present the Onset-Delay Method (ODM) for strong earthquakes from regional to teleseismic distances as an implementation of Resonance Seismometry. The underground disturbance will change the plane wavefield of seismic body waves. This change depends strongly on dimension, shape and depth of the rubble zone/cavity, and on all geological contrasts (heterogeneities, faults, etc.) in the surrounding area. The data set from Source Physics Experiments 5 and 6 at the Nevada National Security Site (former Nevada Test Site) was used for the performed analysis. Using the ODM, we identified six anomalies which mostly coincide with geologic contrasts. Excluding these anomalies by external knowledge one anomaly remained near the site of UNE “Tiny Tot” performed in 1965.</p>

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Testing the Onset Delay Method for Resonance Seismometry: The Underground Nuclear Explosion “Tiny Tot” Case Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月8日

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  • Rolf Häfner,
  • Marco Walter,
  • Manfred Joswig

摘要

Resonance Seismometry is one of the allowed techniques the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) may apply during the continuation period of an On-Site Inspection (OSI). However, the technique is only vaguely defined. The intent is to analyse seismic signals (earthquakes, active sources and noise) to detect wavefield disturbances indicative of a cavity or rubble zone caused by an underground nuclear explosion (UNE). We present the Onset-Delay Method (ODM) for strong earthquakes from regional to teleseismic distances as an implementation of Resonance Seismometry. The underground disturbance will change the plane wavefield of seismic body waves. This change depends strongly on dimension, shape and depth of the rubble zone/cavity, and on all geological contrasts (heterogeneities, faults, etc.) in the surrounding area. The data set from Source Physics Experiments 5 and 6 at the Nevada National Security Site (former Nevada Test Site) was used for the performed analysis. Using the ODM, we identified six anomalies which mostly coincide with geologic contrasts. Excluding these anomalies by external knowledge one anomaly remained near the site of UNE “Tiny Tot” performed in 1965.